tues 18 Flashcards
start codon code?
AUG
how is tetanus prevented in neonates?
-pregnant women and women of childbearing age should be vaccinated -IgG will be transferred transplacentally
where is the occlusion in budd-chiari syndrome?
hepatic vein
what will liver biopsy show in budd chiari syndrome?
centrilobular congestion and fibrosis
what causes the decreased Ach in alzeimers disease?
-deficiency of choline acetyltransferase most notably in the nucleus basalis of meynert
angiomatous brain lesions are seen in which disaese?
von hippel-lindau
where do the CNS hemangioblastomas occur in VHL?
cerebellum and retina
what kind of CNS lesions occur in tuberous sclerosis?
hamartomas
where do the CNS hamartomas occur in tuberous sclerosis?
cortical and subependymal regions
how does the arteriovenous concentration gradient of an anesthetic effect its onset of action?
greater ratio = slower onset of action
why does a greater arteriovenous concentration gradient of an anesthetic mean a slower onset of duration?
if it has a greater gradient, this means that a lot of the anesthetic has gone from the aterioles system into the tissues. The blood therefor needs further saturation and it will have a slower onset of action
how doe the arteriovenous concentration gradient of an anesthetic effect the potency?
it doesnt- NOT related
what mutation is commonly found in melanoma?
BRAF V600E -> increased melanocyte growth
vemurafenib MOA?
inhibits mutated BRAF
explain the pathophys of why edema may occur hours after a stroke?
-this is called cytotoxic (ionic) edema. Its due to decreased ATP - ATP dependent ion pumps fail and along with the release of excitatory amino acids, there is accumulation of Na and water in the neural glial cells
