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Test reviews DEDICATED > sun aug 10 > Flashcards

sun aug 10 Flashcards

1
Q

what is a risk factor for corticosteroid-induced psychosis?

A

hypoalbuminemia

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2
Q

which hepatitis virus integrates its DNA into the host cell genome?

A

hep B

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3
Q

how does pulmonary edema effect lung compliance?

A

it causes decreased lung compliance - the edema in the interstitium makes the lungs heavy and stiff

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4
Q

serology findings of diffuse scleroderma?

A

anti-scl-70

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5
Q

serology findings of limited cutaneous scleroderma/CREST?

A

anticentromere

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6
Q

complications of limited cutaneous scleroderma/CREST??

A

pulmonary hypertension

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7
Q

complications of diffuse scleroderma?

A
  • pulmonary fibrosis

- scleroderma renal crisis

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8
Q

what structures are found in the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

A
  • deep peroneal nerve

- anterior tibial artery/veins

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9
Q

what structures are found in the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

A

-superficial peroneal nerve

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10
Q

what structures are found in the deep posterior compartment of the lower leg?

A
  • tibial nerve
  • posterior tibial artery
  • peroneal artery and veins
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11
Q

what is found in the superficial posterior compartment of the lower leg?

A

muslces

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12
Q

what disease does cryptococcus neoformans most commonly cause?

A

meningoencephalitis

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13
Q

finasteride MOA

A

5-alpha reductase inhibitor

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14
Q

etanarcept MOA

A

-decoy receptor for TNF-alpha - may be used in RA refractory to methotrexate

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15
Q

what is triamterene?

A

potassium sparing diuretic that blocks enac

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16
Q

what is amiloride?

A

potassium sparing diuretic that blocks enac

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17
Q

presentation of vit E deficiency?

A
  • neuromuscular problems (polyneuropathy, ataxia, etc.)

- hemolytic anemia

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18
Q

higher levels of fructose,2,6BPG drive which reaction?

A

the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose1,6biphosphate (glycolysis)

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19
Q

higher levels of fructose,2,6BPG activate which enzyme?

A

PFK1

20
Q

high levels of fructose,2,6BPG inhibit which process?

A

gluconeogenesis

21
Q

sorbitol is normally metabolized into what substance?

A

fructose

22
Q

where do the reactions of the pentose phosphate pathway (HMP shunt) occur?

A

both occur in the cytosol

23
Q

where does the enzyme ornithine transcarbomylase act?

A

mitochondria

24
Q

partial pressure of oxygen represents..

A

the oxygen dissolved in the plasma

25
Q

does carbon monoxide effect the partial pressure of oxygen?

A

NO

26
Q

PaO2 =

A

partial pressure of oxygen in plasma

27
Q

what will be seen on autopsy of someone who had tuberculus meningitis?

A
  • thick gelatinous exudate mostly at the basal portion of the brain
  • multiple bilateral brain infarcts especially in the periventricular areas(from tuberus vasculitis)
  • hydrocephalus - tuberculosis proteins may cause obstruction
28
Q

what foramina connect the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle?

A

foramina of monro

29
Q

what does the cerebral aqueduct connect?

A

the third and fourth ventricles

30
Q

affarent nerve of cough reflex?

A

10

31
Q

efferent nerve of cough reflex?

A

10

32
Q

affarent nerve of gag reflex?

A

9

33
Q

efferent nerve of gag reflex?

A

10

34
Q

what causes chick pox?

A

varicella zoster virus

35
Q

on EMB agar, what organisms will produce a green sheen?

A

those that ferment lactose

36
Q

group A strep virulence factor M protein function?

A

resist phagocytosis

37
Q

structure of M protein?

A

alpha helical coiled protein

38
Q

what is the structure of tropomyosin and myosin?

A

alpha helical coiled protein

39
Q

why is the homology seen between M protein of group A strep and the tropomysosin and myosin in humans important?

A

protective antibodies may cross react with myosin in the heart leading to rheumatic heart disease

40
Q

how do macrolides affect the GI tract?

A

they stimulate motilin receptors of the upper GI tract

41
Q

In ataxia telangiectasia, DNA is hypersensitive to..

A

ionizing radiation

42
Q

presentation of ataxia-telangiectasia?

A
  • ataxia (due to cerebellar atrophy) in first years of life
  • recurrent sinopulmonary infections
  • skin telangiectasias later in life
  • increased risk of cancer
43
Q

presentatino of follicular lymphoma?

A

-usually follows an indolent coarse with waxing and waning. Lymph node enlargement is painless and may goup and down in size.

44
Q

presentation of diffuse large B cell lymphoma?

A

-rapidly enlarging nodal and systemic B symptoms

45
Q

reid index =

A

mucous glands / (submucosa + lamina propria)

Test reviews DEDICATED (70 decks)

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