sun aug 23 Flashcards
innervation to cricothyroid?
external branch of superior laryngeal nerve
external branch of superior laryngeal nerve travels with which artery?
superior thyroid artery
what does ceftriaxone bind to?
transpeptidases
a high salt diet is a risk factor for which cancer?
gastric adenocarcinoma
what is HbA2?
alpha 2 delta 2
in which thalasemias is there increased HbA2?
beta thalasemias
glucocorticoids inhibit…
phospholipase A2
what does phospholipase A2 do?
produces arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids
zileuton MOA?
inhibits 5-lipooxygenase
what does 5-lipooxygenase do?
produces leukotrienes from arachidonic acid
how does montelukast work?
blocks binding of leukotrienes to receptors - prevents bronchoconstriction/membrane permeability
how does zafirlukast work?
blocks binding of leukotrienes to receptors - prevents bronchoconstriction/membrane permeability
LTB4 function?
neutrophil chemotaxis
how does reducing cardiac contractility help treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
it reduces the amount of blood ejected during systole, leading to an increased end systolic volume - icnreasedd volume helps prevent obstruction
who typically gets fibromuscular dysplasia?
young woman
how does fibromuscular dysplasia present?
young woman with hypertension - increased aldosterone due to renal artery involvement.
how does polyarteritis nodosa present?
vasulitis that may be in various organs. associated with Hep B
which has lower pressure, the pulmonary arteries or bronchial arteries?
the pulmonary arteries are a LOW pressure system
which immunodeficiency is associated with an anaphylatic shock in repsonse to blood transfusion?
selective igA deficiency
why can selective igA deficiency cause anaphylaxis in response to blood transfusion?
blood products may have small amounts of igA, which patients wihtout igA recognize as foriegn. if they have preformed antibodies it can result in anaphylaxis
how are the electrolytes effected during the recovery phase of acute tubular necrosis?
during this phase there is elecrolyte wasting. At risk for hypokalemia, as well as hypocalcemia etc
