sun aug 23

Question 1

innervation to cricothyroid?

Answer 1

external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

Question 2

external branch of superior laryngeal nerve travels with which artery?

Answer 2

superior thyroid artery

Question 3

what does ceftriaxone bind to?

Answer 3

transpeptidases

Question 4

a high salt diet is a risk factor for which cancer?

Answer 4

gastric adenocarcinoma

Question 5

what is HbA2?

Answer 5

alpha 2 delta 2

Question 6

in which thalasemias is there increased HbA2?

Answer 6

beta thalasemias

Question 7

glucocorticoids inhibit…

Answer 7

phospholipase A2

Question 8

what does phospholipase A2 do?

Answer 8

produces arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids

Question 9

zileuton MOA?

Answer 9

inhibits 5-lipooxygenase

Question 10

what does 5-lipooxygenase do?

Answer 10

produces leukotrienes from arachidonic acid

Question 11

how does montelukast work?

Answer 11

blocks binding of leukotrienes to receptors - prevents bronchoconstriction/membrane permeability

Question 12

how does zafirlukast work?

Answer 12

blocks binding of leukotrienes to receptors - prevents bronchoconstriction/membrane permeability

Question 13

LTB4 function?

Answer 13

neutrophil chemotaxis

Question 14

how does reducing cardiac contractility help treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Answer 14

it reduces the amount of blood ejected during systole, leading to an increased end systolic volume - icnreasedd volume helps prevent obstruction

Question 15

who typically gets fibromuscular dysplasia?

Answer 15

young woman

Question 16

how does fibromuscular dysplasia present?

Answer 16

young woman with hypertension - increased aldosterone due to renal artery involvement.

Question 17

how does polyarteritis nodosa present?

Answer 17

vasulitis that may be in various organs. associated with Hep B

Question 18

which has lower pressure, the pulmonary arteries or bronchial arteries?

Answer 18

the pulmonary arteries are a LOW pressure system

Question 19

which immunodeficiency is associated with an anaphylatic shock in repsonse to blood transfusion?

Answer 19

selective igA deficiency

Question 20

why can selective igA deficiency cause anaphylaxis in response to blood transfusion?

Answer 20

blood products may have small amounts of igA, which patients wihtout igA recognize as foriegn. if they have preformed antibodies it can result in anaphylaxis

Question 21

how are the electrolytes effected during the recovery phase of acute tubular necrosis?

Answer 21

during this phase there is elecrolyte wasting. At risk for hypokalemia, as well as hypocalcemia etc