feb 28 Flashcards
a newborn baby has abdominal distention, poor urine output, resp distress and wieght gain. What is on the differential?
Posterior urethral valves
why may a newborn wiht posterior urethral valves have respiratory distress?
Impaired urinary excretion in utero -> oligohydramnios -> lung hypoplasia
does a sacral dimple with an intact base require follow-up?
No - normal finding
facial angiofibromas is characteristic of…
tuberous sclerosis
management of nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a newborn (congenital dacryostenosis)
- lacrimal duct massage several times a day to promote spontaneous resolution
- if it doesnt open on its own it may need surgical correction
presentatino of physiologic genu valgum?
- knees go together
- usually asymptomatic
is it common for both hips to be affected in slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
yes - may be bilaterally, or occur in the other hip in the future
physical exam findings of slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
- waddling gait
- feet pointed laterally due to limited internal rotation
- external rotation of the thigh during hip flexion
when does gonoccocal infection of the eye present in the newborn?
days 2-5
what is buprenorphine?
an opioid agonist used to treat withdrawal
benzodiazapene MOA
bind GABA-A and increase inhibitory effects
do all patients with a DVT get thrombolytic therapy?
No - only used in unstable patients or those with SEVERE swelling - otherwise give anticoagulants
features of cushing syndrome?
- painless muscle weakness (proximal)
- weight gain
- bone loss
- hypertension
- hirsutism
most common cause of pediatric stroke?
sickle cell disease
what type of reaction is food protein-induced allergic proctalitis?
non-igE mediated allergic reaction
where are tumours from metastasis usually found in the brain?
the grey-white matter junction
what is the most common complication of idiopathic intracranial hypertension?
blindness
what cause of infective endocarditis is associated with nosocomial UTIs?
enterococcus
MRI findings in creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
hyperintesnity of the cerebral cortex, putamen and head of the caudate
what is the normal form of hemoglobin?
hbA (two alpha, two beta chains)
what types of hemoglobin are found in beta thalasemia major?
hemoglobin A2, hemoglobin F
treatment of pertussis?
macrolides
MRI findings of an HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder?
ventricular enlargement with diffuse white matter changes
what is a common infectious cause of constrictive pericarditis in developing countries?
tuberculosis
A patient wiht mono-like symptoms has a negative heterophile test… they may have?
CMV
treatment of CMV mononucleoisis
will resolve on its own but can be given antivirals to speed recovery
treatment of catscratch disease?
bartonella heneslae
a patient has severe cancer related pain. Pain management method?
-start with short acting opioids to determine if they cause releif / the patient tolerates them, then transition to long-acting (patches)
how long is the mininum someone must rest after concussion?
24 hours - then gradual progression in activities
