sat aug 15

Question 1

does digoxin improve survival rates?

Answer 1

no

Question 2

what changes may be seen in the coronary sinus in someone with pulmonary hypertension?

Answer 2

it may be dilated due to elevated right sided heart pressures

Question 3

which part of the prostate gland with treatment with finasteride have the greatest effect on?

Answer 3

the epithelial components - will reduce their size

Question 4

what is finasteride?

Answer 4

5 alpha reductase inhibitor

Question 5

which enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway requires thiamine?

Answer 5

transketolase

Question 6

in which patietns does Hep E have the worst effects in?

Answer 6

pregnant women - leads to high mortality

Question 7

what type of virus is hep E?

Answer 7

naked ss RNA virus

Question 8

what type of vaccine is the influenza vaccine?

Answer 8

inactivated

Question 9

lab findings of contrast induced kidney injury?

Answer 9

• extensive necrosis of PCT cells

- muddy brown casts in urine

Question 10

how long after contrast injection does someone with contrast induced kidney injury present?

Answer 10

24-48 hours later there will be an increase in creatinine and BUN

Question 11

where is dopamine produced?

Answer 11

midbrain - in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra

Question 12

where is norepinephrine produced?

Answer 12

posterior rostral pons - locus cereulus

Question 13

AchE inhibitors may precipitate which cardiac events in the elderly?

Answer 13

bradycardia and AV block due to the increased PNS activity

Question 14

what does ADP bind to on platelets?

Answer 14

P2-Y12 - causing aggregation

Question 15

TXA2 function?

Answer 15

vasoconstriction

Question 16

what makes TXA2?

Answer 16

the COX1 pathway

Question 17

aspirin MOA

Answer 17

irreversibly acetylates COX1 and COX2

Question 18

clopidogrel, ticagrelor, prasugrel MOA?

Answer 18

nhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet P2Y12 receptor - therefore inhibiting platellet aggregation

Question 19

ticlodipine MOA

Answer 19

ADP inhibitor

Question 20

A/E of ticlodipine?

Answer 20

neutropenia/granulocytopenia - obtain FBC before starting therapy

Question 21

abciximab MOA?

Answer 21

monoclonal antibody that blocks GPIIb/IIIa binding with fibrinogen

Question 22

dipyridamole, cilostazol MOA?

Answer 22

block PDE leading to increased camp -> blocks platelet function

Question 23

in addition to blocking platelet function, what other effect does cilostazol have?

Answer 23

arteriolar vasodilation - may cause coronary steal

Question 24

diclofenac and ketorolac MOA?

Answer 24

reversibly inhibit COX1 and COX2

Question 25

celecoxib MOA

Answer 25

selective COX2 inhibitor

Question 26

celecoxib a/e?

Answer 26

sulfa drug

Question 27

acetominophen MOA?

Answer 27

selective COX2 inhibitor

Question 28

aloprostadil MOA

Answer 28

PGE1 - causes vasodilation

Question 29

aloprostadil uses?

Answer 29

• erectile dysfunction

- maintaining PDA

Question 30

misoprostal MOA

Answer 30

PGE1- promotes protective mucus secretion in GI

Question 31

dinoprosterone MOA

Answer 31

PGE2 - promotes uterine contractions and ripens cervix

Question 32

MOA of iloprost and epoprostanol?

Answer 32

prostaclycin analogs - used for pulmonary hypertension

Question 33

bosentan MOA?

Answer 33

endothelin inhibitor

Question 34

what is the name of the dormant form of malaria in p vivax and ovale?

Answer 34

hypnozites

Question 35

when is chloroquine used for malaria treatment?

Answer 35

for areas with low resistance

Question 36

when is mefloquine used for malaria treatment?

Answer 36

areas with high resistance (carribean)

Question 37

when is atovaquone/proguanil used for malaria treatment?

Answer 37

areas with high resistance (carribean)

Question 38

why is primaquine used in malaria treatment?

Answer 38

kills dormant hypnozites of p vivax and ovale

Question 39

when is intravenous quinidine or artesunate used for malaria?

Answer 39

-serious infections/life threatening cases

Question 40

name oxidant triggers in G6PD deficiency?

Answer 40

primaquine
dapsone
sulfa drugs
infections
fava bean ingestion