pcomm midterm

Question 1

a network of pathways in the
ancient world that spanned from China to
what is now the Middle East and to Europe;
international trading but was not considered
global yet.

Answer 1

Silk Road

Question 2

connected Manila and
Acapulco in 1571; the first time that the
Americans were directly connected to Asian
trading routes.

Answer 2

Galleon Trade

Question 3

This marked the beginnings of
globalization.
* The influences of them are
evident in the different cultures of the
nations they colonized (e.g. language,
food, clothing, beliefs, values,
education, etc.).

Answer 3

Colonization

Question 4

this is a phenomenon that
refers to people’s movement and
inhabitation in countries outside their
own .

Answer 4

Diaspora

Question 5

common
language between speakers

Answer 5

lingua franca

Question 6

(English as a
native language

Answer 6

Inner Circle

Question 7

English as a
second language member countries

Answer 7

Outer Circle

Question 8

English
as a foreign language member
countries

Answer 8

Expanding Circle

Question 9

is a learned system of meanings
that fosters a particular sense of shared identityhood and community-hood among its group
members.

Answer 9

Culture

Question 10

It is a complex frame of reference that
consists of a pattern of traditions, beliefs, values,
norms, symbols, and meanings that are shared to
varying degrees by interacting members of an
identity group.

Answer 10

Culture

Question 11

extraverted/ leader type of
communication

Answer 11

Direct Communication

Question 12

introverted/ follower type of
communication

Answer 12

Indirect Communication

Question 13

expect messages to be explicit and specific

Answer 13

Low Context Cultures

Question 14

• leave much of the message unspecified, to be
  understood through context, nonverbal cues, and
  between –the-lines interpretation of what actually said

Answer 14

High Context Cultures

Question 15

business people give full attention to one
agenda item after another

Answer 15

Sequential Cultures

Question 16

The flow of time is viewed as a sort of circle,
with the past, present, and future all
interrelated

Answer 16

Synchronic Cultures

Question 17

readily showing emotions; in cultures with
high affect, people show their feelings
plainly

Answer 17

Affective

Question 18

do not
telegraph their feelings, but keep them
carefully controlled and subdued

Answer 18

Neutral

Question 19

This refers to the degree by which people accept
authority and hierarchical organization as a natural part
of their culture

Answer 19

Power Distance

Question 20

it is the tendency of people in a given culture to value
individual identity over group identity.

Answer 20

Individualism

Question 21

the
tendency of people in a given culture to value group
identity over individual identity, group obligation over
individual rights, and group- oriented concerns over
individual wants and desires.

Answer 21

Collectivism

Question 22

It is a belief that one’s own culture is superior and better
than the others.

Answer 22

Ethnocentrism

Question 23

It sees other cultures equal to their own.

Answer 23

Cultural Relativism

Question 24

the fear and anxiety
associated with either real or anticipated communication
with people.

Answer 24

Intercultural communication apprehension

Question 25

is a
social variable that could account for language
and communication differences.

Answer 25

gender

Question 26

value work, strength, competition and assertiveness

Answer 26

. Masculine culture

Question 27

place more value on affection,
compassion, nurturing, and interpersonal relationships.

Answer 27

feminine cultures

Question 28

This occurs when individuals or groups
adopt the cultural norms, values, and behaviours of
the dominant culture, often at the expense of their
original cultural identity

Answer 28

Assimilation

Question 29

This refers to a process where
individuals or groups maintain aspects of their
original culture while also adopting some aspects of
the dominant culture.

Answer 29

Accommodation

Question 30

occurs when individuals or groups
maintain a strict boundary between their own
culture and the dominant culture, avoiding
significant interaction or integration. This can lead
to cultural segregation and may hinder social
cohesion but can also help preserve cultural
diversity

Answer 30

Separation

Question 31

is a complex concept
and a single meaning may not be able to
capture its total essence.
In simple terms, it is the process by
which people and goods move easily across
borders.

Answer 31

Globalization