pcomm midterm Flashcards
a network of pathways in the
ancient world that spanned from China to
what is now the Middle East and to Europe;
international trading but was not considered
global yet.
Silk Road
connected Manila and
Acapulco in 1571; the first time that the
Americans were directly connected to Asian
trading routes.
Galleon Trade
This marked the beginnings of
globalization.
* The influences of them are
evident in the different cultures of the
nations they colonized (e.g. language,
food, clothing, beliefs, values,
education, etc.).
Colonization
this is a phenomenon that
refers to people’s movement and
inhabitation in countries outside their
own .
Diaspora
common
language between speakers
lingua franca
(English as a
native language
Inner Circle
English as a
second language member countries
Outer Circle
English
as a foreign language member
countries
Expanding Circle
is a learned system of meanings
that fosters a particular sense of shared identityhood and community-hood among its group
members.
Culture
It is a complex frame of reference that
consists of a pattern of traditions, beliefs, values,
norms, symbols, and meanings that are shared to
varying degrees by interacting members of an
identity group.
Culture
extraverted/ leader type of
communication
Direct Communication
introverted/ follower type of
communication
Indirect Communication
expect messages to be explicit and specific
Low Context Cultures
- leave much of the message unspecified, to be
understood through context, nonverbal cues, and
between –the-lines interpretation of what actually said
High Context Cultures
business people give full attention to one
agenda item after another
Sequential Cultures
The flow of time is viewed as a sort of circle,
with the past, present, and future all
interrelated
Synchronic Cultures
readily showing emotions; in cultures with
high affect, people show their feelings
plainly
Affective
do not
telegraph their feelings, but keep them
carefully controlled and subdued
Neutral
This refers to the degree by which people accept
authority and hierarchical organization as a natural part
of their culture
Power Distance
it is the tendency of people in a given culture to value
individual identity over group identity.
Individualism
the
tendency of people in a given culture to value group
identity over individual identity, group obligation over
individual rights, and group- oriented concerns over
individual wants and desires.
Collectivism
It is a belief that one’s own culture is superior and better
than the others.
Ethnocentrism
It sees other cultures equal to their own.
Cultural Relativism
the fear and anxiety
associated with either real or anticipated communication
with people.
Intercultural communication apprehension
is a
social variable that could account for language
and communication differences.
gender
value work, strength, competition and assertiveness
. Masculine culture
place more value on affection,
compassion, nurturing, and interpersonal relationships.
feminine cultures
This occurs when individuals or groups
adopt the cultural norms, values, and behaviours of
the dominant culture, often at the expense of their
original cultural identity
Assimilation
This refers to a process where
individuals or groups maintain aspects of their
original culture while also adopting some aspects of
the dominant culture.
Accommodation
occurs when individuals or groups
maintain a strict boundary between their own
culture and the dominant culture, avoiding
significant interaction or integration. This can lead
to cultural segregation and may hinder social
cohesion but can also help preserve cultural
diversity
Separation
is a complex concept
and a single meaning may not be able to
capture its total essence.
In simple terms, it is the process by
which people and goods move easily across
borders.
Globalization
