FUNDA QUIZ 1 FINALS

Question 1

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with or resembling that associated
with actual or potential tissue damage.

Answer 1

PAIN

Question 1

Classification of pain based on where it is on the body may be useful in determining the client’s
underlying problems or needs

Answer 1

According to Location

Question 2

is pain that is perceived in an area distant from the site of the stimuli. It
commonly occurs with visceral pain as visceral fibers synapse at the level of the spinal cord,
close to fibers innervating other subcutaneous tissue organs of the body. (cardiac pain may be
felt in the shoulder or left arm with or without chest pain)

Answer 2

Referred pain

Question 3

is pain arising from organs or hollow viscera, often presents this way, being
perceived in an area remote from the organ causing the pain.

Answer 3

Visceral pain

Question 4

which lasts only through the expected recovery period. It can be sudden or slow
onset.

Answer 4

Acute pain

Question 5

is prolonged, usually recurring or persisting over 6 months or longer, and
interferes with functioning

Answer 5

Chronic pain

Question 6

experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system sends
signals that tissues are damaged, requiring attention and proper care.

Answer 6

Physiological pain

Question 7

– originates in the skin, muscles, bones, or connective tissues

Answer 7

Somatic pain

Question 8

results from activation of pain receptors in the organs and/or hollow
viscera. It tends to be poorly located and may have a cramping. Throbbing, pressing or
aching quality. It is often associated with feeling sick (sweating, nausea, vomiting).

Answer 8

Visceral pain

Question 9

experienced by people who have damaged or malfunctioning nerves due
to illness, injury or undetermined reasons

Answer 9

Neuropathic pain

Question 9

follows damage and/or sensitization of peripheral nerves

Answer 9

Peripheral neuropathic pain

Question 10

results from malfunctioning nerves in the central nervous
system

Answer 10

Central neuropathic pain

Question 11

occurs occasionally when abnormal connections
between fibers and the sympathetic nervous system perpetuate problems with both the
pain and sympathetically controlled functions

Answer 11

Sympathetically maintained pain

Question 12

The least amount of stimuli necessary for a person to label a sensation as
pain. It may vary from person to person, and may be related to age, gender, or race but it
changes little in the same individual over time.

Answer 12

Pain Threshold

Question 13

The most pain an individual is willing or able to tolerate before taking
evasive actions

Answer 13

Pain Tolerance

Question 14

are terms that may be used interchangeably to denote a
heightened response to a painful stimuli

Answer 14

Hyperalgesia and Hyperpathia

Question 15

non-painful stimuli (contact with water, linen or wind) produce pain.

Answer 15

Allodynia

Question 16

which is an unpleasant abnormal sensation. It mimics or imitates the pathology
of a central neuropathic pain disorder.

Answer 16

Dysesthesia

Question 17

is the alleviation of pain or a reduction in pain to a level of comfort that is
acceptable to the client.

Answer 17

Pain management

Question 18

The goals of this is altering physiological responses,
and reducing fears associated with pain-related immobility or activity restriction.

Answer 18

Physical Interventions

Question 19

can provide effective temporary pain relief. It distracts client and focuses
attention on the tactile stimuli, away from the painful sensations, thus reducing pain perception.

Answer 19

Cutaneous stimulation

Question 20

is a comfort measure that can aid relaxation, decrease muscle tension, and may
ease anxiety because the physical contact communicates caring. It can also decrease the
pain intensity by increasing superficial circulation to the area.

Answer 20

Massage

Question 21

restricting the movement of a painful body part (e.g. arthritic joint, traumatized
limb) may help to manage episode of acute pain

Answer 21

Immobilizing

Question 22

is a method of applying low-voltage electrical
stimulation directly over identified areas, at an acupressure point, along peripheral nerve areas
that innervate the pain area, or along the spinal column

Answer 22

Trancutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Question 23

located in the brain stem, integrate sensory information
from the peripheral nervous system and relay the information to the cerebral cortex

Answer 23

Reticular formation

Question 24

• most common sleep disorder, inability to obtain an adequate amount or quality of
  sleep.

Answer 24

Insomnia

Question 25

refers to conditions where the affected individual obtains sufficient sleep at
night but still cannot stay awake during the day. It can be caused by medical conditions like CNS
damage and certain kidney, liver or metabolic disorders.

Answer 25

Hypersomnia

Question 26

a disorder of excessive daytime sleepiness caused by the lack of the chemical
hypocretin in the area of CNS that requires sleep. Referred to as “sleep attack”.

Answer 26

Narcolepsy

Question 27

periodic cessation of breathing during sleep. More than 5 apneic episodes or 5
breathing pauses longer than 10 seconds/hour is considered abnormal and should be evaluated
by sleep medicine specialist.

Answer 27

Sleep Apnea

Question 28

prolonged disturbance resulting in decreases amount, quality,
consistency of sleep.

Answer 28

Insufficient Sleep

Question 29

Behavior that may interfere with sleep. (somnambulism (sleep walking), sleep
talking, Nocturnal enuresis (Bedwetting), nocturnal erections (morning wood or nocturnal penile
tumescence- normal function of reproductive system, bruxism – clenching and grinding of
teeth).

Answer 29

Parasomnias

Question 30

This diet is limited to water, tea or coffee, clear broths, ginger ale, or other
carbonated beverages, strained and clear juices, and plain gelatin

Answer 30

Clear Liquid Diet

Question 31

This diet contains only liquids or foods that turn into liquid at body temperature, such
as ice cream.

Answer 31

Full Liquid Diets

Question 32

this diet is easily chewed and digested. It is often ordered for clients who have difficulty
of chewing and swallowing.

Answer 32

Soft Diet

Question 33

is ordered when the client’s appetite, ability to eat, and tolerance to certain foods
may change.

Answer 33

Diet as Tolerated

Question 34

is provided when the client is unable to ingest foods or the upper gastrointestinal tract is impaired and
the transport of food to the small intestine is interrupted.

Answer 34

Enteral nutrition (EN), also referred to as total enteral nutrition (TEN),

Question 35

is achieved by means of nasogastric or nasointestinal (nasoenteric) tubes, or
gastrostomy or jejunostomy tubes.

Answer 35

Enteral access