ANAPHY QUIZ REVIEW (CELL) Flashcards
Is the basic structural and functional units of life
Cell
Is a fragile, transparent barrier that contains the cell contents and separates them from the surrounding environment
Plasma membrane
Is often called the headquarters of cell and the “Control Center”
Nucleus
are sites where cell structures called the ribosomes are produced
Nucleolus or nucleoli
Its main function is to to compress and package long DNA molecules into compact, dense structures. The structure of it keeps DNA organized and prevents breakage
Chromatin
Is the cellular material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane. It is the site of most cellular activities
Cytoplasm
Is a semi transparent fluid that suspends the other elements
Cytosol
Are chemical substances that may or may not be present, depending on the specific cell type. They dtore nutrients or cell products floating in the cytosol
Inclusions
Are specialized cellular compartments that are the metabolic machinery of the cell.
Organelles
Are usually depicted as tine, beanlike or sausage-shaped organelles, but in living celles the lengthen and change shape almost continuously. They supply most of the ATP, they are the “powerhouse” of the cell
Mitochondria
Actual sites of protein synthesis of the cell
Ribosomes
Is a system fluid-filled tunnels that coil and twist through the cytoplasm. It provides a network of channels for carrying substances from one part of the cell to another.
Endoplasmic reticulum
You cqn think of it as a cell’s membrane factory. It is specially abundant in cells that make(synthesize) and export(secrete) proteins.
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
It function in lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and pesticides
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Its major function is to modify, package, and ship proteins in specific ways, depending on the destination.
Golgi apparatus
Their most important function is to detoxify free radicals. Detoxify harmful or poisonous substances
Peroxisomes
They’re best known for their role in generating microtubules and also for directing the formation of the mitotic spindle during spindle fibers
Centrioles
Are whiplike cellular extensions along the cell surface
Cillia
microscopic hair-like structures involved in the locomotion of a cell
Flagella
Are tiny, fingerlike extensions of the plasma membrane that projects from an exposed cell surface. They increase the cell’s surface area tremendously and so are usually found on the surface of cells active in absorption
Microvilli
An elaborate network of protein structures extend throughout. It acts cell’s bones and muscle by furnishing an internal framework that determines the cell shape, supports other organelles and provides the machinery for intracellular transport and various types of cellular movements.
Cytoskeleton
Role in generating microtubules and also for directing the formation of mitotic spindle during cell division. They are rod shaped bodies that lie at right angles to each other
Centrioles
Are impermeable junctions that encircle the cells and bind them together into leak-proof sheets.
Tight junctions
Are anchoring junctions scattered like rivets along the sides of adjacent cells. They prevent cells subjected to mechanical stress from being pulled aapart
Desmosomes
Its function mainly allow communication. These junctions are commonly found in the heart and between embryonic cells.
Gab junctions
