Biology Endocrine System Finals

Question 1

is made up of glands and the hormones they secrete. function is the production and regulation of chemical substances called hormones.

Answer 1

endocrine system

Question 2

is a chemical transmitter. It is released in small amounts from glands, and is transported in the bloodstream to target organs or other cells. Hormones are chemical messengers, transferring information and instructions from one set of cells to another.

Answer 2

hormone

Question 3

essential for the growth and development of the thyroid gland.

Answer 3

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone

Question 4

essential for the growth of the adrenal cortex.

Answer 4

Adrenocorticotropin

Question 5

is a gonadotropic hormone. It stimulates the growth ovarian follicles in the female and the production of sperm in the male.

Answer 5

Follicle-Stimulating

Question 6

is a gonadotropic hormone stimulating the development of corpus luteum in the female ovarian follicles and the production of testosterone in the male.

Answer 6

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 7

stimulates the development and growth of the mammary glands and milk production during pregnancy.

Answer 7

Prolactin

Question 8

regulates skin pigmentation and promotes the deposit of melanine in the skin after exposure to sunlight

Answer 8

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

Question 9

stimulates the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules. Hyposecretion of this hormone can result in diabetes insipidus.

Answer 9

Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 10

stimulates the uterus to contract during labor, delivery, and parturition. A synthetic version of this hormone, used to induce labor, is called Pitocin. It also stimulates the mammary glands to release milk.

Answer 10

Oxytocin

Question 11

communicates information about environmental lighting to various parts of the body. Has some effect on sleep/awake cycles and other biological events connected to them, such as a lower production of gastric secretions at night.

Answer 11

Melatonin

Question 12

a neurotransmitter that regulates intestinal movements and affects appetite, mood, sleep, anger, and metabolism.

Answer 12

Serotonin

Question 13

plays a vital role in metabolism and regulates the body’s metabolic processes.

Answer 13

thyroid gland

Question 14

influences bone and calcium metabolism; maintains a homeostasis of calcium in the blood plasma

Answer 14

Calcitonin

Question 15

used to treat shock. It dilates the arteries, elevates systolic blood pressure, increases cardiac output, and increases urinary output.

Answer 15

Dopamine

Question 16

also called adrenalin. It elevates systolic blood pressure, increases heart rate and cardiac output, speeds up the release of glucose from the liver… giving a spurt of energy, dilates the bronchial tubes and relaxes airways, and dilates the pupils to see more clearly. It is often used to counteract an allergic reaction.

Answer 16

Epinephrine

Question 17

is released when the body is under stress. It creates the underlying influence in the fight or flight response. As a drug, however, it actually triggers a drop in heart rate

Answer 17

Norepinephrine

Question 18

produce several estrogen hormones and progesterone. These hormones prepare the uterus for pregnancy, promote the development of mammary glands, play a role in sex drive, and develop secondary sex characteristics in the female.

Answer 18

ovaries

Question 19

produce the male sex hormone called testosterone.

Answer 19

testes

Question 20

is responsible for the erection of the penis.

Answer 20

Testosterone