Biology Integumentary system Finals

Question 1

consists of the skin and its accessory structures, including the hair, nails, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.

Answer 1

integumentary system

Question 2

is the exterior covering of the body. It is the largest organ of the body.

Answer 2

Skin

Question 3

is the outermost strata of the epidermis. It is mostly dead cells, filled with a protein substance called keratin. It is thicker on the soles of the feet than on the eyelids…where there is less pressure.

Answer 3

stratum corneum

Question 4

is a translucent layer lying directly beneath the corneum. It may not even exist in thinner skin. Cells in this layer are also dead or are in the process of dying.

Answer 4

stratum lucidum

Question 5

is one or more layers of cells starting to die and become hard. They are in the process of keratinization becoming fibrous protein similar to that in hair and nails.

Answer 5

The stratum granulosum

Question 6

is composed of several layers of living cells capable of cell division. It is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and contains melanin… the pigment that gives color to the skin. The more abundant the melanin… the darker the skin color. Damage to this layer, such as in severe burns, requires skin grafts.

Answer 6

stratum germinativum

Question 7

is composed of several layers of living cells capable of cell division. It is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and contains melanin… the pigment that gives color to the skin. The more abundant the melanin… the darker the skin color. Damage to this layer, such as in severe burns, requires skin grafts.

Answer 7

stratum germinativum

Question 8

is beneath the epidermis and is composed of connective tissue. It contains the lymphatics, nerves, nerve endings, blood vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands, elastic fibers, and hair follicles.

Answer 8

dermis

Question 9

are sweat glands. produce sweat or perspiration

Answer 9

Sudoriferous

Question 10

are oil glands. They have tiny ducts that open into each hair follicle. secretes sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin. The amount of secretion varies with age, puberty, and pregnancy

Answer 10

Sebaceous glands

Question 11

is arranged into microscopic structures that form ridges. These are the finger- and footprints

Answer 11

papillary layer

Question 12

is beneath the papillary layer; it is a white fibrous tissue that supports the blood vessels

Answer 12

reticular layer

Question 13

is composed of adipose and connective tissue. It supports, nourishes, insulates, and cushions the skin.

Answer 13

subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis

Question 14

is a threadlike structure formed by a group of cells

Answer 14

hair

Question 15

is attached to the side of each follicle. It is stimulated by skin irritants, emotional arousal, or cold temperatures, and reacts by contracting. This causes goose flesh or goose pimples.

Answer 15

pilomotor muscle