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Question 1

Cuando despierta, ha transcurrido la Guerra de la Independencia.

Answer 1

When he [Rip Van Winkle] awakes, he has passed the Revolutionary War.

Question 2

El nombre de Rip Van Winkle es popular en todos los países de habla inglesa.

Answer 2

The name of Rip Van Winkle is popular in all the English speaking countries.

Question 3

Irving no fue un investigador de las fuentes ni un intérprete original de los hechos historiados por él.

Answer 3

Irving was neither a researcher of the sources nor an original interpreter of the historical facts by him [that he wrote about].

Question 4

Así, su biografía de Cristóbal Colón se apoya en los trabajos de Navarrete; su biografía de Mahoma, en un libro análogo del orientalista judeoalemán Gustav Weil.

Answer 4

Thus his [Irving’s] biography of Christopher Columbus supports itself with the works of Navarrete; his biography of Mahoma, on a similar book by the German-Jewish orientalist Gustav Weil.

Question 5

William Prescott (1796 – 1859) sintió, como Irving, el encanto peculiar de lo hispánico.

Answer 5

William Prescott (1796 – 1859) felt, like Iriving, the peculiar charm of the Spanish world.

Question 6

Nació en Salem, Massachusetts.

Answer 6

He [Prescott] was born in Salem, Massachusetts.

Question 7

Perteneció a esa clase letrada que Boston apodó los Brahmins y que nos ha legado tantos nombres ilustres.

Answer 7

He [Prescott] belonged to that legal class that Boston nicknamed the Brahmins and that has left us so many illustrious names.

Question 8

En 1843 publicó su historia de la conquista de Méjico, tema que le fue cedido por Irving; en 1847, su historia de la conquista del Peru.

Answer 8

In 1843 he [Prescott] published his history of the conquest of Mexico, a theme that was given to him by Irving; in 1847, his history of the conquest of Peru.

Question 9

No alcanzó a terminar el tercer tomo de una historia de Felipe Segundo.

Answer 9

He [Prescott] never succeeded in finishing the third tome of a history about Philip II.

Question 10

Sin desmedro de la severa precisión, concibió la escritura de la historia como una obra de arte.

Answer 10

Without slighting harsh accuracy, he [Prescott] conceived of writing a history as a work of art.

Question 11

Lo sociológico le importaba menos que lo dramatic.

Answer 11

The sociological was less important to him [Prescott] than the dramatic.

Question 12

En la conquista del Peru por los españoles vio la aventura personal de Pizarro, y al describir su muerte llega a la épica.

Answer 12

In the conquest of Peru by the Spaniards, he [Prescott] saw the personal adventure of Pizarro, and to describe his death he reaches the epic [heights].

Question 13

Sus libros, pese a algún exceso romantico, se leen como buenas novelas.

Answer 13

His [Prescott’s] books, despite some romantic excess, read like good novels.

Question 14

Ulteriormente se han rectificado algunos detalles, pero nadie podrá negarle el título de gran historiador.

Answer 14

Subsequently some details have been rectified, but nobody can deny him [Prescott] the title of great historian.

Question 15

No menos merecedor de ese juicio fue Francis Parkman (1823 – 93).

Answer 15

No less worthy of this judgment was Francis Parkman (1823 – 93).

Question 16

Nació en Boston.

Answer 16

He [Parkman] was born in Boston.

Question 17

Hombre de precaria salud y, como Prescott, de escasa vista, superó valerosamente esos duros obstáculos.

Answer 17

A man of precarious health and, like Prescott, of poor sight, he [Parkman] courageously overcame these hard obstacles.

Question 18

Dictó a otros buena parte de su obra, que abarca muchos volúmenes, todos de carácter historico.

Answer 18

He [Parkman] dictated to others a good part of his work, that includes many volumes, all of a historical character.

Question 19

Dos excepciones fueron la novela autobiográfica Vassall Morton y el Book of Roses, que refleja su pasion por las flores.

Answer 19

Two exceptions were the autobiographical novel Vassal Morton and the Book of Roses, which reflects his [Parkman’s] passion for flowers.

Question 20

Buscó sus temas en América.

Answer 20

He [Parkman] looked for his themes in America.

Question 21

Viajó por las diversas fronteras del vasto continente y conoció la vida de los colonos y de los pieles rojas.

Answer 21

He [Parkman] traveled through the various frontiers of the vast continent and knew the life of the settlers and the redskins [Indians].

Question 22

Las sangrientas rivalidades de Gran Bretaña, de España y de Fracis por el dominio del Nuevo Mundo atarearon su pluma, tan elocuente como rigurosa.

Answer 22

The bloody rivalries of Great Britain, Spain, and France for control of the New World tasked his [Parkman’s] pen, [which was] as eloquent as [it was] rigorous.

Question 23

Estudió así la acciones guerreras del Canada, la labor evangélica de los jesuita en el siglo XVII y la victoria de los iroqueses paganos sobre las tribus conversas.

Answer 23

Like this [Thus], he [Parkman] studied the Canadian warlike actions, the evangelical [missionary] work of the Jesuits in the 17th century and the victory of the Iroquois pagans over the converted tribes.

Question 24

Su obra más conocida refiere la conspiración de Pontiac, famoso cacique de los Otawas que, al promediar el siglo XVIII, buscó la alianza de los franceses, usó las artes de la guerra y de la hechicería contra el poder británico y murió asesinado.

Answer 24

His [Parkman’s] best-known work refers to the conspiracy of Pontiac, a famous chief of the Otawas who, in the middle of the 18th century, looked for the alliance with the French, used the art of war and witchcraft against the British power and was murdered.

Question 25

Parkman murió un año después que Walt Whitman, pero espiritualmente está más cerca de los Brahmins que de éste.

Answer 25

Parkman died one year after Walt Whitman, but spiritually he is closer to the Brahmins than him.

Question 26

Leemos en una de sus páginas: “Mi credo político oscila entre dos extremos viciosos: la democracia y la autoridad absoluta. No me opongo a una monarquía constitucional, pero prefiero una republica conservadora.”

Answer 26

We read in one of his [Parkman’s] pages: “My political beliefs oscillate between two vicious extremes: democracy and absolute authority. I am not opposed to a constitutional monarchy, but I prefer a conservative republic.”