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Question 1

En 1950 sus Poesías completas merecieron el premio Pulitzer.

Answer 1

In 1950 his [Sandburg’s] Complete Poems deserved [won] the Pulitzer Prize.

Question 2

En toda su obra es evidente el influjo de Whitman.

Answer 2

In all his [Sandburg’s] work is evident the Whitman’s influence.

Question 3

Ambos manejan el verso libre y el slang, si bien este último, en Sandburg, es más espontáneo y más rico.

Answer 3

Both [poets, Sandburg and Whitman] handle free verse and slang, although this last one, in Sandburg, is more spontaneous and richer.

Question 4

Al principio fue poeta de la energía y aun de la violencia y la vulgaridad; después lo fue de la melancholia y la nostalgia.

Answer 4

At the start he [Sandburg] was a poet of energy and even of violence and vulgarity; later he was one [a poet] of melancholy and nostalgia.

Question 5

Este proceso se cifra en una de sus páginas más famosas, Cool Tombs.

Answer 5

This process is coded in one of his [Sandburg’s] most famous pages [poems], “Cool Tombs.”

Question 6

Como Masters y Sandburg, Nicholas Vachel Lindsay (1879 – 1931) nació en Springfield, Illinois, patria de Lincoln, cuyo ferviente culto compartieron.

Answer 6

Like Masters and Sandburg, Nicholas Vachel Lindsay (1879 – 1931) was born in Springfield, Illinois, homeland of Lincoln, whose fervent cult they [all] shared.

Question 7

Siguió clases en el Instituto de Arte de Chicago; de día trabajaba en una tienda.

Answer 7

He [Lindsay] continued [took] classes in the Art Institute of Chicago; by day he worked in a store.

Question 8

Continuó esos estudios en la Facultad de Arte de Nueva York sin lograr vender sus dibujos.

Answer 8

He [Lindsay] continued those studies in the Art Faculty of New York without being able to sell his drawings.

Question 9

Abordó entonces la poesía.

Answer 9

He [Lindsay] then approached [tried] poetry.

Question 10

Hasta 1913, fecha de la publicación de su más famoso poema, General William Booth enters into Heaven, por Harriet Monroe, recorrió a pie el Oeste, ganándose la vida como juglar, recitando sus propios versos a cambio de comida y de techo.

Answer 10

Until 1913, date of publication for his most famous poem, “General William Booth Enters into Heaven,” [published] by Harriet Monroe, he [Lindsay] traveled by foot through the West, winning himself life [earning a living] as a minstrel, reciting his own verses in exchange for food and board.

Question 11

En 1925 se casó y vivió en Spokane, Washington; seis años después se dio muerte en Springfield.

Answer 11

In 1925 he [Lindsay] married and lived in Spokane, Washington; six years later he killed himself in Springfield.

Question 12

Sus obras incluyen Handy Guide for Beggars, The Chinese Nightingale, The Golden Whales of California, y Every Soul is a circus.

Answer 12

His [Lindsay’s] works include A Handy Guide for Beggars, The Chinese Nightingale, The Golden Whales of California, and Every Soul is a Circus.

Question 13

Lindsay quiso ser el poeta del Ejército de Salvación.

Answer 13

Lindsay wanted to be the poet of the Salvation Army.

Question 14

Fue versificando una mitología de personajes populares: Andrew Jackson, héroe de la guerra de la Independencia y de las guerras contra los indios; el abolicionista John Brown; Lincoln y Mary Pickford.

Answer 14

He [Lindsay] was versifying a mythology of popular people: Andrew Jackson, hero of the Revolutionary War and of the wars against the Indians; the abolitionist John Brown; Lincoln and Mary Pickford.

Question 15

Su obra es muy despareja; influyeron en ella el fervor religioso de los spirituals y el jazz.

Answer 15

His [Lindsay’s] work is very uneven; they were influenced in it [by] jazz and the religious fervor of the spirituals.

Question 16

En ciertos poemas el autor indica los instrumentos y la melodía que deben acompañar las palabras.

Answer 16

In certain poems the author [Lindsay] indicates the instruments and the melody which should accompany the words.

Question 17

Hasta ahora, la contribución de los negros americanos a la poesía ha sido menos importante que su contribución a la música.

Answer 17

Until now, the contribution of American Negros to poetry has been less important than their contribution to the music.

Question 18

Citaremos en primer término a James Langston Hughes (1902), nacido en Joplin, Missouri, que, como Sandburg, desciende literariamente de Whitman.

Answer 18

We will cite first of all James Langston Hughes (1902 – ), born in Joplin, Missouri, [and] who, like Sandburg, descends literary from [is a literary descendant of] Whitman.

Question 19

Su obra, que usa ritmos de jazz, incluye Dear Lovely Death, The dream keeper, Shakespeare in Harlem, One Way Ticket, y la autobiografía de Big Sea.

Answer 19

His [Hughes’s] work, which uses jazz rhythms, includes Dear Lovely Death, The Dream Keeper, Shakespeare in Harlem, One Way Ticket, and the autobiography, The Big Sea.

Question 20

Sus versos son patéticos y no pocas veces sardónicos.

Answer 20

His [Hughes’s] verses are pathetic [contain pathos] and not infrequently sardonic.

Question 21

Más trabajada y más sensible es la labor de Countee Cullen (1903 – 1946), que estudió en Nueva York, su ciudad natal, y en la Universidad de Harvard.

Answer 21

More elaborate and more sensitive is the labor of Countee Cullen (1903 – 1946), who studied in New York, his native city, and at Harvard University.