Page 5

Question 1

En el relámpago y el trueno, que antes lo estremecían, reconoció, nos dice, la voz de Dios.

Answer 1

In the lightning and the thunder, that shook him earlier, he [Edwards] recognized, he tells us, the voice of God.

Question 2

Pensó, como Tertuliano, que uno de los goces de los bienaventurados sería el espectáculo del eterno tormento de los réprobos.

Answer 2

He [Edwards] felt, like Tertuliano, that one of the pleasures of the blessed was the spectacle of the eternal torment of the damned.

Question 3

Rechazado el libre albedrío, extendió a Dios el concepto de necesidad; escribió quo los actos de Jesucristo eran necesariamente santos, aunque no menos adorables.

Answer 3

Rejecting the freedom of choice, he [Edwards] spread to God the concept of necessity; he wrote that the acts of Jesus Christ were necessarily saintly, although no less wonderful.

Question 4

Edwards perteneció a la clase que en Boston apodaban Bracmanes (Brahmins) aludiendo a la casta letrada y sacerdotal de la India.

Answer 4

Edwards belonged to the class that in Boston were nicknamed the Brahmins, alluding to the legal and priestly class of India.

Question 5

El primer poeta Americano de algún renombre, Philip Freneau (1752 – 1832), era de linaje hugonote.

Answer 5

The first American poet of some renown, Philip Freneau (1752 – 1832), was of Huguenot lineage [heritage].

Question 6

Su abuelo, un comerciante fracés, emigró a Nueva York en 1707.

Answer 6

His [Freneau’s] grandfather, a French merchant, emigrated to New York in 1707.

Question 7

Los primeros escritos de Freneau fueron, como los últimos, de character satiric, pero aspiró también a la épica.

Answer 7

The first writings of Freneau were, like the last ones, of a satiric character, but he also aspired to the epic.

Question 8

Sus obras completas incluyen una precoz epopeya del profeta Jonás.

Answer 8

His [Freneau’s] complete works include a precocious epic about the prophet Jonas.

Question 9

Nació en Nueva York.

Answer 9

He [Freneau] was born in New York.

Question 10

Fue periodista, granjero, y marino, “urgido siempre por la bruja de la Penuria.”

Answer 10

He [Freneau] was a journalist, a farmer, and a sailor, “always urged by the witch of Poverty.”

Question 11

Navegó por los mares tropicales; conoció directamente el mar, como Melville.

Answer 11

He [Freneau] navigated [sailed] through the tropical seas; he directly knew the sea, like Melville.

Question 12

Durante la Guerra de la Independecia, la nave comandada por él fue capturada por una fragata británica y el poeta conoció los largos rigors de un pontón en el puerto de Nueva York.

Answer 12

During the War of Independence, the ship commanded by him was captured by a British frigate and the poet [Freneau] knew the long hardship of a pontoon in the port of New York.

Question 13

Adversario de Washington, fue partidario de Jefferson.

Answer 13

An adversary of Washington, he [Freneau] was a supporter of Jefferson.

Question 14

Su complicada actividad política no nos incumbe aquí.

Answer 14

His [Freneau’s] complicated political activity does not concern us here.

Question 15

Más importante es su obra lírica.

Answer 15

More important is his [Freneau’s] lyrical work.

Question 16

En el más conocido de sus poemas, “The Indian Burying Ground,” observa que instintivamente concebimos la muerte como el sueño, ya que enterramos acostados a nuestros muertos, en tanto que los indios la conciben como una continuación de la vida real, ya que los entierran sentados y provistos de arcos y fleches, para que en el otro mundo prosigan el ejercicio de la caza.

Answer 16

In the most well-known of his poems, “The Indian Burying Ground,” he [Freneau] observes that we instinctively imagine death as sleep, since we bury our dead lying down, while the Indians imagine it as a continuation of real life, since they bury them sitting up and provided with bows and arrows, in order that in the other world they can continue the task of hunting.

Question 17

Encontramos ahí el famoso verso The hunter and the Deer, a shade, que recuerda un hexámetro del undécimo libro de la Odisea.

Answer 17

We find there the famous verse: “The hunter and the deer, a shade,” that recalls a hexameter from the eleventh book of The Odyssey.

Question 18

Aun más curiosa es la poesía que se titula “The Indian Student.”

Answer 18

Even more curious is the poem that is titled “The Indian Student.”

Question 19

Refiere el caso de un joven indio que vende todos sus bienes para instruirse en el misterioso saber de los hombres blancos.

Answer 19

It refers to the case of an Indian youth who sells all of his valuables in order to be instructed in the mysterious knowledge of the white men.

Question 20

Al cabo de una dura peregrinación, llega a la universidad más cercana.

Answer 20

At the end of a hard pilgrimage, he [the Indian youth] arrives at the nearest university.

Question 21

Se dedica al studio del ingles y, después, del latín; los profesores de la casa le auguran un porvenir brillante.

Answer 21

He [the Indian youth] dedicates himself to the study of English and then of Latin; the professors of the house predict for him a brilliant future.

Question 22

Algunos mantienen que sera un teólogo; otros, un matemático.

Answer 22

Some maintain that he [the Indian youth] will be a theologian; others, a mathematician.

Question 23

Gradualmente el indio, cuyo nombre no nos es revelado, se aparta de sus compañeros y sale a caminar por los bosques.

Answer 23

Gradually the Indian, whose name is not revealed to us, separates himself from his companions and leaves to walk through the woods.

Question 24

Una ardilla, dice el poeta, lo distrae de una oda de Horacio.

Answer 24

A squirrel, says the poet [Freneau], distracts him from an ode of Horacio.

Question 25

La astronomía lo inquieta; las ideas de la redondez de la tierra y de la infinitude del espacio lo llenan de terror y de incertidumbre.

Answer 25

The astronomer worries about it; the ideas of the roundness of the earth and of the infinitude of space fill him with terror and uncertainty.

Question 26

Una mañana, se va silenciosamente, como ha venido, y vuelve a su tribu y sus selvas.

Answer 26

One morning, he [the Indian youth] goes as silently as he had come, and he returns to his tribe and his jungles.

Question 27

El poema es a la vez un cuento.

Answer 27

The poem is at the same time a short story.

Question 28

Freneau lo refiere tan bien, que nadie pondría en duda que los hechos ocurrieron así.

Answer 28

Freneau referred to it as well, that nobody would doubt that the facts had occurred like this.

Question 29

El estilo, a veces alegórico, de Freneau, corresponde a la poesía inglesa de la época, pero su sensibilidad ya es romantica.

Answer 29

Freneau’s style, at times allegorical, corresponds to English epic poetry, but his sensibility is already romantic.