Page 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Jonathan Edwards (1703 – 58) fue el más arduo y complejo de los teólogos calvinistas.

A

Jonathan Edwards (1703 – 58) was the most difficult and complex of the Calvinist theologians.

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2
Q

Nació en East Windsor, Connecticut.

A

He [Edwards] was born in East Windsor, Connecticut.

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3
Q

Su vasta obra, solo explorada hoy por algunos historiadores, abarca diecisiete densos volúmenes en la edición de Londres, a los que deben agregarse los que integran su diario.

A

His [Edwards’s] vast work, which is only explored [studied] today by some historians, includes seventeen dense volumes in the London edition, [and] to those should be added those that include his diary.

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4
Q

Dirigió, y después reprobó, el movimiento religioso que se llamó el Gran Despertar (The Great Awakening) y que, al decir de uno de sus biógrafos, empezó por el éxtasis y las conversions en masa y degeneró, como en tantos casos análogos, en desaforadas licencias.

A

He [Edwards] directed and afterwards condemned the religious movement that was called the Great Awakening and that, according to some biographers, started for ecstasy and mass conversions and degenerated, as in many analogous cases, into unbridled license.

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5
Q

William James lo cita a menudo en sus Variedades de la experiencia religiosa.

A

William James quotes him [Edwards] often in his Varieties of Religious Experience.

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6
Q

Fue un predicador enérgico y eficaz, no exento de amenazas; el título del más famoso de sus sermons: The sinner in the hands of an angry God nos indica su estilo.

A

He [Edwards] was an energetic and effective preacher, not without menace; the title of the most famous of his sermons, The Sinner in the Hands of an Angry God, indicates his style to us.

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7
Q

Citemos un párrafo ejemplar: “Ya está tendido el arco de la ira divina, la flecha está en la cuerda y la justicia la dirige hacia tu corazón y solo la arbitraria decision del Señor impide que la flecha se embriague con tu sangre.”

A

We quote an exemplary paragraph: “The bow of the divine wrath is bent, and the arrow is on the string and justice manages the arrow at your heart and only the arbitrary decision of God prevents that arrow from becoming drunk with your blood.”

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8
Q

Metáforas como ésta han sugerido la sospecha de que Edwards fue fundamentalmente un poeta, frustrado por la telogía.

A

Metaphors like this have suggested the suspicion [speculation] that Edwards was fundamentally a poet frustrated by theology.

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9
Q

Dotado de singular precocidad, ingresó en Yale a los doce años y fue ordenado pastor a los catorce.

A

Gifted with singular precociousness, he [Edwards] entered Yale when he was twelve years old and was ordained as a preacher when he was fourteen.

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10
Q

Ejerció su ministerio hasta 1750; en esa fecha, los escándalos producidos por el Gran Despertar lo obligan a abandoner su cargo.

A

He [Edwards] practiced his ministry until 1750; at that date, the scandal produced by the Great Awakening obligated him to abandon his position.

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11
Q

Durante un año, con el auxilio de su mujer y de sus hijas, fue misionero entre los indios.

A

During a year, with the help of his wife and sons, he [Edwards] was a missionary among the Indians.

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12
Q

En 1757 fue nombrado president de Princeton; murió un año después.

A

In 1757 he [Edwards] was named president of Princeton; he died a year later.

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13
Q

A la lectura prefería la escritura y a la escritura el pensamiento y a veces la serena contemplación y la plegaria.

A

He [Edwards] preferred writing to reading and to writing, thinking and sometimes serene contemplation and fervent prayer.

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14
Q

En los libros no buscaba otra cosa que un estímulo para su propia actividad.

A

In books he [Edwards] did not look for things other than what encouraged his proper activity.

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15
Q

Fuera de Locke, parece haber leído muy poco a sus contemporaneous.

A

Outside of Locke, he [Edwards] seems to have read very few of his contemporaries.

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16
Q

Supo de la doctrina platónica de los arquetipos eternos, pero nada de Berkeley, con el cual concuerda en la afirmación de que el universe material no es más que una idea en la mente divina, ni de Spinoza, que identificó, como él, a Dios y la Naturaleza.

A

He [Edwards] knew of [about] Platonic doctrine of the eternal archetypes, but nothing about Berkeley, with whom he agreed in the statement [affirmation] that the material universe is not more than an idea in the divine mind, nor of Spinoza, who identified, like him, God and Nature.

17
Q

En uno de sus últimos tratados dice de Dios: “Es todo y está solo.”

A

In one of his last treatises he [Edwards] says of God: “He is all and He is alone.”

18
Q

La doctrina calvinista de que el Señor ha creado a una gran mayoría de los hombres para que sus almas ardan en el Inferno, y a unos pocos para la Gloria, le pareció al principio terrible.

A

The Calvinist doctrine that God has created for a great majority of the men whose souls will burn in Hell and some few for Heaven, seemed to him [Edwards] a terrible principle.

19
Q

Durante su juventud, tuvo una revelación.

A

During his youth, he [Edwards] had a revelation.

20
Q

Sintió que esa doctrina es “placentera, clara y dulce.”

A

He [Edwards] felt that this doctrine is “pleasant, clear, and sweet.”

21
Q

Asombrosamente halló en ella una atroz dulzura (an awful sweetness).

A

Amazingly, he [Edwards] found in it an awful sweetness.