BMS19-1023 Thrombosis

Question 1

Haemostasis

Answer 1

Arrest of blood loss from damaged vessels

Question 2

What’s the basic mechanism?

Answer 2

Non adhesive platelets aggregate with vessel wall injury and fibrin stabilises it

Question 3

Thrombosis

Answer 3

Formation of occlusive thrombi leading to myocardial infarction

Question 4

What do endothelial cells release?

Answer 4

Things that dilate or constrict smooth muscle

Question 5

What makes platelets adhere?

Answer 5

Collagen and thrombin in the ECM

Mediators

Question 6

What do platelets release?

Answer 6

Mediators which cause constriction and further aggregation

Question 7

How are platelets made able to bind thrombin?

Answer 7

Platelet bind to protein in collagen

Thrombin can then bind

Question 8

What happens at initiation?

Answer 8

TF expressing cells in tissues after blood leaks out of vessels

Question 9

What happens at amplification?

Answer 9

TF activates many factors on platelets which can convert prothrombin to thrombin

Question 10

What do activated platelets do?

Answer 10

Turn fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 11

What may be required in the pathway?

Answer 11

Calcium ions and phospholipids

Question 12

What else does thrombin make?

Answer 12

Cross links for fibrin joins

Question 13

How can thromobosis occur?

Answer 13

Fatty deposits break into the artery lumen and thromobosis occurs blocking it

Question 14

What causes, treats and is a result of arteriole thrombosis?

Answer 14

Fatty deposits
Anti platelet drug
MI and strokes

Question 15

What causes and treats venous thrombosis?

Answer 15

Turbulent flow

Anti-coagulants

Question 16

What must you balance between?

Answer 16

Clot formation and haemorrhage

Question 17

Haemorrhage

Answer 17

Blood escapes from vessels

Question 18

What is the 3rd drug commonly used?

Answer 18

Fibrinolytic

Question 19

What do antiplatelet drugs treat and how do they do this?

Answer 19

Arterial thrombosis and they inhibit platelet aggregation

Question 20

How do fibrinogens join?

Answer 20

The now attached thrombin has fibrinogen receptors

Question 21

What are the fibrinogen receptors called?

Answer 21

GP11b 111a

Question 22

What do thrombins release?

Answer 22

Dense and alpha granules

Question 23

What does thrombin do?

Answer 23

Activate the platelet so fibrinogen forms fibrin

Question 24

What are the short names for prothrombin and thrombin?

Answer 24

FII and FIIa

Question 25

What converts prothombrin to thrombin?

Answer 25

Many factors

Question 26

Name 3 antiplatelet drugs

Answer 26

Aspirin
GPIIb-IIIa antagonists
P2Y 12 antagonists

Question 27

What does aspirin do?

Answer 27

Stop collagen leaving the platelet

Question 28

What does GP11b-111a work?

Answer 28

Stop aggregation

Question 29

Is aspirin reversible?

Answer 29

No

Question 30

What do P2Y 12 antagonists do?

Answer 30

Full aggregation of platelets

Question 31

Which ones are irreversible and reversible examples?

Answer 31

Clopidogrel

Ticagrelor

Question 32

What is the dual anti platelet therapy?

Answer 32

Aspirin and clopidogrel

Question 33

What do anticoagulants and fibrinolytic drugs do and what do they treat?

Answer 33

Inhibit coagulation

Venous thrombi

Question 34

What are thrombolytics?

Answer 34

For rapid removal of thrombus in coronary artery thrombosis