BMS08-1002 Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 1

Toes and eyes pointing forwards, arms by the side and palms facing forwards

Question 2

What is the sagittal plane?

Answer 2

Vertical line dividing the body into left and right

Question 3

What is the coronal plane?

Answer 3

Vertical plane dividing the body into front and back

Question 4

What is the transverse plane?

Answer 4

Horizontal plane dividing it into upper and lower

Question 5

What does lateral mean?

Answer 5

Away from the midline

Question 6

What does anterior mean?

Answer 6

Towards the front of the body

Question 7

What does posterior mean?

Answer 7

Towards the back of the body

Question 8

What does inferior mean?

Answer 8

Going down

Question 9

What does superior mean?

Answer 9

Going up

Question 10

What does proximal mean?

Answer 10

Towards the trunk

Question 11

What does distal mean?

Answer 11

Away from the trunk

Question 12

Superficial

Answer 12

Towards the skin surface

Question 13

Deep

Answer 13

Towards the interior of the body

Question 14

Ipsilateral

Answer 14

On the same side

Question 15

Contralateral

Answer 15

On the opposite side

Question 16

What composes the axial skeleton?

Answer 16

Skull, ribs and spinal chord

Question 17

What composes the sand skeleton?

Answer 17

Arms, hips and legs

Question 18

What is a short bone and give an example

Answer 18

It’s as wide as it is long e.g. wrist bone

Question 19

What is a long bone and give an example

Answer 19

It’s longer than it is wide e.g. humerus

Question 20

What is flat bone and give an example

Answer 20

It’s for protection or muscle attachment e.g. sternum

Question 21

What is irregular bone and give an example

Answer 21

Anything that doesn’t fit into the other categories of bone.g. vertebra

Question 22

What is a sesamoid bone and give an example

Answer 22

It’s an independent bone developed in the tendon where it passes over a sharp corner, normally in the hands or feet e.g. patella

Question 23

What does mature bone consist of?

Answer 23

Compact and spongy bone

Question 24

How can you tell the difference between spongy and compact bone?

Answer 24

Spongey bone isn’t as solid and is a network of open rods

Question 25

What's the difference between endochondral and intramembranous ossification?

Answer 25

Endochondral uses a cartilage intermediate this forms long bones while intramembranous forms flat bones

Question 26

What is fascia?

Answer 26

Connective tissue framework of the body

Question 27

What is superficial fascia between?

Answer 27

Between skin and deep fascia/bones

Question 28

What is deep fascia?

Answer 28

Surrounds and interconnects organs and muscles

Question 29

What is subserous fascia?

Answer 29

Between serous membranes and deep fascia made of loose connective tissue

Question 30

What are examples of deep fascia?

Answer 30

Capsules, tendons and ligaments

Question 31

What is superficial fascia also know as?

Answer 31

The hypodermis

Question 32

What is the superficial fascia composed of?

Answer 32

Loose connective tissue, collagen, elastin and fat

Question 33

What is the superficial fascia underneath?

Answer 33

Dermis

Question 34

What does the superficial fascia store?

Answer 34

Water and fat

Question 35

What are the 3 functions of the superficial fascia?

Answer 35

Protection Conduction Insulation

Question 36

What is the deep fascia made of?

Answer 36

Dense connective tissue and collagen

Question 37

What is fascia?

Answer 37

Something that covers and merges every organ, nerve, muscle, bone and blood vessel

Question 38

Which fascia has organised collagen?

Answer 38

Deep

Question 39

What are the 4 functions of deep fascia?

Answer 39

Conduction Allows muscles to move Attaches muscles Capsulizes organs and glands

Question 40

What does conduction mean?

Answer 40

The pathways allowing nerves, veins and arteries to travel through fascia

Question 41

Give an example of the deep fascia acting as an attachment

Answer 41

Temporalis

Question 42

Name the 3 serous membranes

Answer 42

Pleura, pericardium and peritoneum

Question 43

What are serous membranes composed of?

Answer 43

Mesothelium and loose connective tissue

Question 44

Describe the 2 layers of serous membranes

Answer 44

The inner touches the organ while the outer is anchored to the body wall

Question 45

What prevents the lumen of the lymph from collapsing?

Answer 45

Anchoring filaments attaching the endothelial cells to surrounding connective tissue