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Year 1 Summative 1 > BMS02-1006 pH & Buffering > Flashcards

BMS02-1006 pH & Buffering Flashcards

1
Q

pH

A

H conc

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2
Q

What type of H

A

Free ones not bound ones

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3
Q

Blood pH

A

7.35-7.45

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4
Q

Living pH range

A

7-7.8

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5
Q

What is out of normal range called? (2)

A

Acidosis

Alkalosis

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6
Q

How do we get acids? (4)

A

Food
Protein breakdown
Incomplete ox of fat or glucose
Carbon dioxide

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7
Q

What regulates pH in the body? (3)

A

Blood buffers
Lungs
Kidneys

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8
Q

% of water in men, women, babies and elderly?

A

Babies - 73%
Elderly - 45%
Men - 60%
Women - 50%

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9
Q

Molar of water?

A

55.6M

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10
Q

When does pH = pKa

A

Half the equivelace point

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11
Q

pKa=

A

-log Ka

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12
Q

What is Ka

A

Diss constant

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13
Q

What is pKa?

A

The pH when half the acid is diss, acid = conjugate base

Strong base and excess weak acid

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14
Q

What does a low pKa indicate?

A

Strong acid

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15
Q

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

A

pH=pKa+log(A/HA)

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16
Q

Buffer

A

Minimizes pH changes on addition of small volumes of acid or alkali

17
Q

What makes a buffer

A

Weak acid and base

18
Q

When does a buffer work best?

A

At its pKa therefore you know which pH it works best at

19
Q

Where does the HCO3- buffer act?

A

Blood and saliva

20
Q

What is the pKa of H2co3 to HCO3-

A

6.1

21
Q

What is the pKa of H2PO4 - to HPO4 2-

A

6.8

22
Q

What is H2CO3 proportional do?

A

pCO2

23
Q

Which is the only buffering AA?

A

Histidine

24
Q

Why don’t COOH and NH2 of AA buffer well?

A

COOH pKa 2.34

NH3 pKa 9.66

25
Q

Why does histidine buffer in Hb?

A

pKa changes when its not free as neighbouring groups affect it

26
Q

pKa in oxy and deoxy Hb

A

Oxy 6.8

Deoxy 7.8

27
Q

Critical pH & value

A

Highest pH at which there is a net loss of mineral from the teeth

5.5

28
Q

Why is it only roughly 5.5?

A

Solubility of enamel varies with pH as its constantly in saliva which varies in Ca and K ions at times

29
Q

What does critical pH depend on?

A

Ionic product of CaP in saliva, which the amount of Ca decides

30
Q

What does this mean?

A

Changed the ions concentrations means you can lower the critical pH so it doesn’t demineralise as quickly

31
Q

What happens in the conc of either ions is too high?

A

It become destabilised and forms a ppt known as calculus

32
Q

What is the stephans curve?

A

A way to asses carciogenicity (tooth decay causation) of different foods

33
Q

What are local anaesthetics?

A

Weak bases

34
Q

What are the 2 forms and why?

A

Unionised and ionised, the unionised is able to cross the membrane

Year 1 Summative 1 (56 decks)

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