BMS12-1008 The Thorax

Question 1

What makes the thorax? (6)

Answer 1

Ribs
Intercostal space
Costal cartilage
Sternum
Thoracic vertebrae 
Organs

Question 2

2 functions of the thorax

Answer 2

Protect organs

Respiration

Question 3

What forms the superior thoracic aperture?

Answer 3

1st rib
Manubrium
Vertebrae 1

Question 4

What forms the inferior thoracic aperture?

Answer 4

Floating ribs
Costal region
Xiphoid process
Vertebrae 1

Question 5

What passes through the STA?

Answer 5

Trachea
Carotid artery
Apex of lungs
Oesophagus

Question 6

What passes through the ITA?

Answer 6

Descending aorta
Inferior vena cava
Oesophagus

Question 7

Name the regions of the spine from top to bottom

Answer 7

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacrum 
Coccyx

Question 8

Synarthroses

Answer 8

Immovable

Question 9

Amphiarthroses

Answer 9

Slightly moveable

Question 10

Diarthroses

Answer 10

Freely moveable

Question 11

Name a primary cartilaginous joint

Answer 11

Rib to costal cartilage- costochondral

Question 12

Name a secondary cartilaginous joint

Answer 12

Manubriosternal joint

Question 13

Name 4 synovial joints

Answer 13

Costotransverse
Costovertrebral
Interchondral
Sternocostal

Question 14

Describe the head of a typical rib

Answer 14

It has 2 facets for articulation with vertebrae

Question 15

What connects the bone head to the body?

Answer 15

Neck

Question 16

What is at the neck body junction and what does it do?

Answer 16

Tubercle

Articulates with a transverse vertebral process

Question 17

What does the costal groove do?

Answer 17

Contains the VAN

Question 18

Where is the costal groove?

Answer 18

Interior surface running along the inferior border

Question 19

Which ribs are typical?

Answer 19

3-9

Question 20

Describe the 1st rib

Answer 20

Broad and sharply curved with a flat upper and lower surface
Has only 1 facet for T1
It has 2 grooves on its superior surface
Tubercle for scalene muscle attachment

Question 21

What don’t ribs 11 and 12 have? (3)

Answer 21

No neck, anterior articulation or tubercle

Question 22

How many facets do ribs 5-12 have?

Answer 22

1

Question 23

Which are the atypical ribs?

Answer 23

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7

Question 24

How many facets does the 2nd rib have?

Answer 24

2

Question 25

Name 2 cartilaginous joint

Answer 25

Manubriosternal | Xiphisternal

Question 26

Describe the sternocostal joints and their names

Answer 26

The manubrium has a primary cartilaginous joint and the Sternum and xiphoid have synovial joints Costal notches

Question 27

Where are interchondral joints?

Answer 27

Between 6 and 7, 7 and 8 and so on, forming the costal margin

Question 28

3 types of facets

Answer 28

Costal Inferior Superior

Question 29

3 costal facets

Answer 29

Transverse Superior (rib) Inferior (rib)

Question 30

Where is the spinal process?

Answer 30

Opposite the body in the centre

Question 31

Vertebral foramen

Answer 31

The hole

Question 32

Where is the pedicle?

Answer 32

Between the superior articular facet and the superior costal facet

Question 33

What joins the superior costal facet?

Answer 33

Head of rib

Question 34

What joints the transverse costal facet?

Answer 34

Tubercle of rib

Question 35

What is the transverse costal facet on?

Answer 35

Transverse process which there are 2 of either side of the spinous process

Question 36

What does the superior articular facet do?

Answer 36

Link vertebrae

Question 37

Where is the superior articular facet?

Answer 37

Between the transverse costal facet and the superior facet Attached to the spinous process below

Question 38

What is between the superior costal facet and superior articular facet?

Answer 38

Pedicle

Question 39

What does the intercostal nerve supply?

Answer 39

Intercostal muscles Skin Parietal pleura

Question 40

Where does the sympathetic trunk run?

Answer 40

Base of skull to the coccynx

Question 41

What are the intercostal arteries branches of?

Answer 41

Aorta and internal thoracic vessels

Question 42

What is the highest intercostal artery a branch of?

Answer 42

Costocervical trunk

Question 43

Where do intercostal veins drain?

Answer 43

Azygos system

Question 44

Where and what is the sternal angle?

Answer 44

The manubriosternal joint between T4 and T5

Question 45

Where do the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the rubs?

Answer 45

Costotransverse and costovertebral joint

Question 46

Costotransverse

Answer 46

Between the rib and transverse costal facet

Question 47

What do the intercostal muscles do when inhailing?

Answer 47

External contract and internal relax