BMS03-1011 Muscle & Movement

Question 1

Sharpeys fibres

Answer 1

Connective tissue of type 1 collagen, attach tendons to muscle and bone

Question 2

Which features is the strongest?

Answer 2

Tendons

Question 3

When does the sarcomere make the most power

Answer 3

Power increases as the muscle shortens but when it gets really shorter the power decreases

Question 4

What decides optical working limit?

Answer 4

Resting length

Question 5

When do the number of muscles fibres stop increasing?

Answer 5

After 24 weeks in pregnancy

Question 6

How does muscle size change?

Answer 6

Add new sarcomeres to existing cells to increase the diameter

Adding sarcomeres to the ends when growing as a child or with/without exercise

Question 7

Which muscle type has the richest capillary bed?

Answer 7

Type 1

Question 8

2 tendon types?

Answer 8

Cylindrical and linear

Question 9

What do cylindrical tendons produce?

Answer 9

An elevation on bone as they are closely attached

Question 10

What do linear tendons produce?

Answer 10

These are fleshy so make a linear ridge

Question 11

3 tendon forms

Answer 11

Intermediate
Raphe
Aponeurosis

Question 12

Intermediate

Answer 12

Thin and rope like between 2 bellies

Question 13

Aponeurosis

Answer 13

Flat broad sheet

Question 14

Raphe

Answer 14

Interlinking like the fingers of hands 2 different muscles

Question 15

Synovial tendon sheaths

Answer 15

For long tendons to stop bow stringing by passing under collagen and connective tissue attached to the bone

Synovial fluid allows for friction free movement to avoid heat being made

Question 16

Name the attachment type

Answer 16

Proximal (top)and distal

Question 17

What is the innervation of skeletal muscles?

Answer 17

Motor and sensory from the somatic NS

Question 18

What does sensory do

Answer 18

Pain and movement perception

Question 19

What is the max and min number of skeletal fibres a nerve innervates?

Answer 19

20 and 2000

Question 20

3 parallel fibres

Answer 20

Strap
Fusiform
Fan shaped

Question 21

What does a parallel arrangement ensure?

Answer 21

Large range of movement

Question 22

What are pennate muscles built for?

Answer 22

Power rather than range

Question 23

What are the fleshy bellies attached to?

Answer 23

Central tendon

Question 24

More prime movers means…

Answer 24

More powerful movement

Question 25

Prime movers agonist

Answer 25

Initiate movement

Question 26

Antagonist

Answer 26

Opposite agonist to oppose movement

Question 27

What do muscles need to be able to do?

Answer 27

Contract and stretch

Question 28

Fixator

Answer 28

Stabalise body into best position for movement

Question 29

Synergists

Answer 29

Act with prime mover to remove any undesirable movement e.g. if a joint can move in 2 directions

Question 30

What is the function of tendons? (2)

Answer 30

Transmit force of the muscle to the bone

Absorb shock and limit damage to the muscle

Question 31

What causes the heat in tendons?

Answer 31

Friction due to them being close together or passing around bony projections