BMS03-1011 Muscle & Movement Flashcards
Sharpeys fibres
Connective tissue of type 1 collagen, attach tendons to muscle and bone
Which features is the strongest?
Tendons
When does the sarcomere make the most power
Power increases as the muscle shortens but when it gets really shorter the power decreases
What decides optical working limit?
Resting length
When do the number of muscles fibres stop increasing?
After 24 weeks in pregnancy
How does muscle size change?
Add new sarcomeres to existing cells to increase the diameter
Adding sarcomeres to the ends when growing as a child or with/without exercise
Which muscle type has the richest capillary bed?
Type 1
2 tendon types?
Cylindrical and linear
What do cylindrical tendons produce?
An elevation on bone as they are closely attached
What do linear tendons produce?
These are fleshy so make a linear ridge
3 tendon forms
Intermediate
Raphe
Aponeurosis
Intermediate
Thin and rope like between 2 bellies
Aponeurosis
Flat broad sheet
Raphe
Interlinking like the fingers of hands 2 different muscles
Synovial tendon sheaths
For long tendons to stop bow stringing by passing under collagen and connective tissue attached to the bone
Synovial fluid allows for friction free movement to avoid heat being made
Name the attachment type
Proximal (top)and distal
What is the innervation of skeletal muscles?
Motor and sensory from the somatic NS
What does sensory do
Pain and movement perception
What is the max and min number of skeletal fibres a nerve innervates?
20 and 2000
3 parallel fibres
Strap
Fusiform
Fan shaped
What does a parallel arrangement ensure?
Large range of movement
What are pennate muscles built for?
Power rather than range
What are the fleshy bellies attached to?
Central tendon
More prime movers means…
More powerful movement
Prime movers agonist
Initiate movement
Antagonist
Opposite agonist to oppose movement
What do muscles need to be able to do?
Contract and stretch
Fixator
Stabalise body into best position for movement
Synergists
Act with prime mover to remove any undesirable movement e.g. if a joint can move in 2 directions
What is the function of tendons? (2)
Transmit force of the muscle to the bone
Absorb shock and limit damage to the muscle
What causes the heat in tendons?
Friction due to them being close together or passing around bony projections
