BMS02-1001 Cell Specialisation

Question 1

What is an integral protein?

Answer 1

Goes through both sides of the membrane

Question 2

Give an example of a peripheral protein

Answer 2

Goes through only one side of the membrane

Question 3

Give an example of a transporter protein

Answer 3

Actively pumps Na and K in and out of the cell

Question 4

Give an example of an anchor protein

Answer 4

Integrins link intracellular actin filaments to extracellular matrix proteins

Question 5

Give an example of the cell membrane enzyme

Answer 5

Adenylyl cyclase which produces cAMP

Question 6

What is the nucleus composed of?

Answer 6

Chromatin, nucleolus, nuclear envelope

Question 7

What does the nucleolus contain?

Answer 7

DNA in the form of transcriptionally active ribosomes, genes, RNA and proteins

Question 8

What does the nucleolus do?

Answer 8

rRNA synthesis and regulation of the cell cycle

Question 9

What’s the purpose of the nuclear envelope?

Answer 9

Act as a selectively permeable membrane

Question 10

What does the SER do?

Answer 10

Detoxification/joining of noxious substances, lipid/glycogen/steroid metabolism and membrane formation/recycling

Question 11

What does the RER do?

Answer 11

Protein synthesis and glycoprotein formation

Question 12

What does the Golgi do?

Answer 12

Receives protein from RER which it packages for transport

Question 13

Which are the cis and trans side of the golgi

Answer 13

Cis is where they enter and trans is where they exit

Question 14

What do lysosomes do?

Answer 14

Decompose things using hydrolytic enzymes

Question 15

What % of lipid cells are occupied by TAG?

Answer 15

90%

Question 16

what are microfilaments made of?

Answer 16

Actin

Question 17

What do microfilaments do?

Answer 17

Act as a structural framework and a contractile element

Question 18

What do intermediate filaments do?

Answer 18

Structural role

Question 19

What do microtubules do?

Answer 19

Give the cell shape and act as tracks for organelles movement

Question 20

What are the 2 protein types in microtubules?

Answer 20

Dynein and kinesin

Question 21

Which direction does dynein move towards

Answer 21

The - end of the microtubule

Question 22

What maintains the shape of microvilli?

Answer 22

Actin filaments anchored to the action cortex

Question 23

What has the 9+2 arrangement?

Answer 23

Cilia

Question 24

What protein makes up microtubules?

Answer 24

Tubulin

Question 25

What are centrioles made of?

Answer 25

Microtubules

Question 26

What type of stem cells are haematopoietic stem cells and what can they produce?

Answer 26

Multipotent and able to form all elements of the blood

Question 27

What type of stem cell are epidermal cells and what can they produce?

Answer 27

Unipotent only able to make epidermal cells

Question 28

Where is the nuclei in columnar epithelial cells?

Answer 28

At the base

Question 29

Where are nuclei in skeletal muscles?

Answer 29

At the edge

Question 30

Why do nerve cell bodies have lots of RER?

Answer 30

Maintain the long axonal processes

Question 31

How are proteins moved from the cell bodies to the axon?

Answer 31

Microtubules

Question 32

Why would a muscle lack mitochondria?

Answer 32

If anaerobic respiration is taking place

Question 33

What keeps the shape of neurons?

Answer 33

Microfilaments

Question 34

What does epithelial tissue do?

Answer 34

Cover exposed surfaces, line internal passageways and to make glandular secretion

Question 35

What does connective tissue do?

Answer 35

Fill internal space, give structural support and store energy

Question 36

What forms tissues?

Answer 36

Cells and extracellular matric and fluids