BMS08-1001 Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

What do epithelial tissue exist as?

Answer 1

Sheets

Question 2

What do they rest on?

Answer 2

BM

Question 3

What makes the BM?

Answer 3

ECM

Question 4

What joins the BM to the epithelium?

Answer 4

Connective tissue

Question 5

What 4 things are they classified by?

Answer 5

Cell shape
Layer structure
Surface specialisation
Special locations or functions

Question 6

What are the 3 cell shapes?

Answer 6

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 7

What are the 3 layer structures?

Answer 7

Simple
Pseudostratified - rectangular with the nucleus at the bottom
Stratified

Question 8

What are the 3 surface specialisations?

Answer 8

Ciliated
Brush border
Keratinised

Question 9

What are the 2 special location/functions?

Answer 9

Respiratory- ciliated columnar with goblet cells

Transitional- urinary tract has stratified squamous or cuboidal

Question 10

How do glands originate?

Answer 10

Invagination did epithelium

Question 11

How does an epithelial growth form a gland?

Answer 11

It turns in mesenchyma which buds off to be a gland or joins to an excretory duct

Question 12

Name some forms of exocrine glands

Answer 12

Simple tubular
Simple acinar
Simple branches acinar
Simple branches tubular

Question 13

3 exocrine secretion mechanisms

Answer 13

Merocrine
Apocrine
Holocene

Question 14

Merocrine

Answer 14

Vesicles open at CSM and secretory product is released

Question 15

Apocrine

Answer 15

Part of the cells cytoplasm is lost her itv the secretory product

Question 16

Give an example of an apocrine gland

Answer 16

Sweat glands

Prostate glands

Question 17

Holocrine

Answer 17

Release of entire secretory cell

Question 18

Give an example of holocrine secretion

Answer 18

Sebaceous glands

Question 19

3 functions of cell junctions

Answer 19

Keeps sheets tightly bound
Selective barrier
Communication

Question 20

Tight junction

Answer 20

Seals neighbouring cells in epithelial sheets to prevent leakage of molecules

Question 21

Adherens junction

Answer 21

Joins actin bundle in one cell to a bundle in another

Question 22

Desmosome

Answer 22

Joints intermediate filaments between neighbours

Question 23

Gap junction

Answer 23

Allows passage of small water soluble ions and molecules

Question 24

Hemidesmosome

Answer 24

Anchors intermediate filaments in the cell to the BM

Question 25

From the BM yo describe the organisation of the junction

Answer 25

BM
Hemides 
Gap junction 
Des
Adherents junction
Tight junction

Question 26

Which part is anchoring and how?

Answer 26

Des and hemides by bundles of keratin filaments

Question 27

What do anchoring junctions allow?

Answer 27

Flexing of cell sheets

Question 28

How else can anchoring occur?

Answer 28

2 adherens junctions linked by actin

Question 29

What 3 proteins make the adherens junction?

Answer 29

Cadherin
Catenins
Actin

Question 30

Which junctions are non anchoring and why?

Answer 30

Tight gives a barrier

Gap allows communication

Question 31

What do non anchoring junctions seal?

Answer 31

Intermembrane space

Question 32

What proteins make the gap junction?

Answer 32

Connexins form
Connexons (circles) which form
Intercellular channels by stacking

Question 33

2 roles of focal adhesion junctions

Answer 33

Actin based cell movement

Outgrowth of nerve processes

Question 34

How do epithelial in the bladder expand?

Answer 34

They use vesicles if CSM to add to the CSM

Question 35

Where is simple cuboidal found?

Answer 35

Lines ducts in the kidney and exocrine glands

Question 36

Where are simple columnar found?

Answer 36

GI Track from the stomach to the large intestine

Question 37

Where are pseudostratified ciliated epithelium found?

Answer 37

Lining trachea and bronchi

Question 38

Where is stratified epithelial found?

Answer 38

In areas of friction or damage and