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Year 1 Summative 1 > BMS03-1022 Pharmocology of the ANS > Flashcards

BMS03-1022 Pharmocology of the ANS Flashcards

1
Q

What can cause change in gene expression?

A

Hormones
Neurotransmitters
Growth factors
Cytokines

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2
Q

What does the ANS act on?

A

Cardiovascular system

Other organs

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3
Q

What does the somatic nervous system act on?

A

Skeletal muscles

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4
Q

Which division of the NS is voluntary?

A

Somatic

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5
Q

What are visceral organs?

A

Organs containing smooth muscle

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6
Q

Whats the difference between muscarinic and nicotinic receptors?

A

Both respond to acetylcholine but nicotinic act as sodium channels while muscarinic phosphorylate second messenger models

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7
Q

Describe the path of a somatic motor neuron

A

Straight to the muscle fibre

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8
Q

Which NT acts on the salivary gland?

A

Acetylcholine

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9
Q

Which NT acts on blood vessels?

A

Acetylcholine and then noradrenaline

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10
Q

What NT acts on the sweat gland?q

A

Acetylcholine

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11
Q

What NT acts on the adrenal medulla?

A

Acetylcholine

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12
Q

Which NS has a longer presynaptic neurons?

A

Parasympathetic

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13
Q

What type of receptors do muscles and the adrenal medulla have?

A

Nicotinic

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14
Q

Which receptor is at the synapse half way through the path to the salivary glad, blood vessels and sweat gland?

A

Nicotinic

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15
Q

Which receptor is at the end of the neuronal path of the sweat and salivary gland?

A

Muscarinic

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16
Q

What kind of receptor is the muscarinic?

A

GPCR

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17
Q

Describe the structure of the nicotinic receptor

A

In a circle, alpha, beta, alpha and then 2 more subunits

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18
Q

What are the subtypes of the muscarinic receptors?

A

M1-M5

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19
Q

Which subtype acts on cardiac muscle and how does it work?

A

M2 slows down the heart rate by decreasing cAMP

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20
Q

Which subtype acts on smooth muscle and how does it work?

A

M3 raises IP3 to increase Ca so they can work faster

21
Q

Name all types of the adrenergic receptors

A 
a1 1
a1 2
a1 3
a2 1
a2 2
a2 3

b1
b2
b3

22
Q

What does a1 do?

A

Make IP3 and use a second messenger model to make Ca

23
Q

What does a2 do?

A

Decrease the amount of cAMP so noradrenaline release is decreased

24
Q

What do the b1, 2 and 3 do?

A

Increase cAMP

25
Q

Where is b1 mainly found?

A

Cardiac tissue

26
Q

Where is b2 mainly found?

A

Airways

27
Q

Where is b3 mainly found?

A

Adipose

28
Q

What’s it called if 2 NT are released together?

A

Co-transmission

29
Q

If the ANS is neither adrenergic or cholinergic what is it?

A

Non adrenergic non cholinergic

30
Q

How do we get differential control of target cell function?

A

Stronger levels of stimulation result in different patterns of NT release

31
Q

Where can NANC transmission occur?

A

In ganglionic and post-ganglionic synapses

32
Q

Give an example of postganglionic sympathetic using NANC

A

Release neuropeptide Y and ATP with noradrenaline for vasoconstriction

33
Q

Give an example of postganglionic parasympathetic using NANC

A

Release nitric oxide and acetylcholine for vasodilation

34
Q

Describe sympathetic output when not in stress?

A

Organ specific

35
Q

What can the parasympathetic NS affect?

A

Arteries
Metabolism
Renin secretion

36
Q

What is the only gland the sympathetic NS affects?

A

Salivary

37
Q

What is the brain of the gut?

A

Enteric nervous system

38
Q

Describe the GI tract innveration?

A

Plexus of sensory, motor and interneurons forming 2 layers in the walls

39
Q

Which type of receptor is used?

A

NANC

40
Q

What NT are used?

A

Acetylcholine
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
Nitric oxide

41
Q

What does the ENS control?

A

Blood flow
Fluid transport
Peristalsis (muscle contraction)
Glandular secretion

42
Q

How is the para and sym NS used?

A

Affects are exerted indirectly and modified by ENS

43
Q

How do you treat MI and related disorders?

A

Block sympathetic through b1

44
Q

How do you treat asthma?

A

Block B2 or M receptors

45
Q

How do you treat an over active bladder?

A

Block M3/A1 or activate B3

46
Q

How can you treat hypertension?

A

Block A1 to stop symp vasocontriction

47
Q

How can you delay premature labour?

A

Block B2

48
Q

What do M antagonists do?

A

Speed up the heart, treat glaucoma and stimulate GI motility

49
Q

What does botox do?

A

Reduces acetylcholine release

Year 1 Summative 1 (56 decks)

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