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Year 1 Summative 1 > BMS02-1005/49 Protein Structure > Flashcards

BMS02-1005/49 Protein Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up cementum? (2)

A

Collagen

Glycoproteins

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2
Q

What makes up dentin? (3)

A

Collagen
Glycoproteins
Proteoglycans

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3
Q

What makes up enamel? (2)

A

Amelogenins

Enamelins

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4
Q

Glycine

A

H

Non polar

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5
Q

Alanine structure

A

CH3

Non polar

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6
Q

Valine

A

Non polar

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7
Q

Leucine

A

Non polar

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8
Q

Serine

A

CH2 OH
Uncharged
Polar

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9
Q

Phenylalanine structure

A

CH2 benzene

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10
Q

Tyrosine

A

Uncharged

Polar

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11
Q

Cysteine

A

CH2 SH

Non polar

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12
Q

Asparagine structure

A

Uncharged

Polar

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13
Q

Glutamine structure

A

Uncharged

Polar

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14
Q

Aspartic acid

A

Negative

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15
Q

Glutamic acid

A

Negative

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16
Q

Histidine

A

Positive

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17
Q

Lysine

A

Positive

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18
Q

Arginine

A

Positive

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19
Q

Name the 3 bases

A

Lysine
Histidine
Arginine

20
Q

Name the 3 acids

A

Glutamine
Aspartic acid
Glutamic acid

21
Q

Phenylalanine

A

Non polar

22
Q

Proline

A

Non polar

23
Q

What is the N and C terminal?

A

The free NH3+

The free COO-

24
Q

Describe the peptide bone resonance structure

A

CN bond is shorter and is a double with the N +

CO is a single and the O is -

25
Q

Which bond in AA is especially rigid?

A

CN

26
Q

Describe the primary structure

A

Sequence of AA, main force is hydrophobic

27
Q

Describe the secondary structure

A

HB into alpha helix or beta pleated

28
Q

Describe the tertiary structure

A

The chain folds upon itself, philic, phobic, ionic, disulphide etc due to side chain interactions

29
Q

Describe the special properties of cysteine (4)

A

Is a very reactive group
Strong reducing agent
Forms strong covalent bonds
Easily oxidised to form a dimer

30
Q

Describe the hydrogen bond

A

Strongest idid

OH, NH, F

31
Q

Where does the hydrogen bond form

A

Between the amino group and the double bonded oxygen at every 4th peptide

32
Q

Where do side chains lie in the beta pleat?

A

Above and below the plane sheet

33
Q

Name the 2 types of beta pleat

A

Antiparallel (S shaped) and parallel (dome over the top)

34
Q

If a protein has lots of beta pleats what does this indicate?

A

No elasticity and high strength

35
Q

What is the supersecondary structure?

A

Combinations of the secondary structure

36
Q

Name some common domains

A

B barrel
A B barrel
B hairpin
Rossman fold (3 B)

37
Q

Domain 1

A

A B barrel

38
Q

Domain 2

A

B barrel

39
Q

Domain 3

A

A B sheet

40
Q

Name the 3 post translational modifications

A

Glycosylation
Addition of sugar
Can be O linked or N linked

Phosphorylation
Turns on protein kinase or enzymes

Methylation
NH2 groups in lysine and arginine

41
Q

What are the 2 modified proteins in collagen?

A

Hydroyproline and hydroxylsyine

42
Q

What are the 3 AA in collagen?

A

Glycine

Mainly proline and hydroxyl-proline

43
Q

Examples of type 1 collagen

A

Skin, bone, tendon, dentine

44
Q

Examples of type 2 collagen

A

Cartilage

45
Q

Examples of type 3 collagen

A

Blood vessels
Lungs
Pulp

46
Q

What happens in scurvy?

A

Unstable collagen so you bruise easy, old wounds reopen, gums bleed, bad healing and GI bleeds

Year 1 Summative 1 (56 decks)

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