Toxicology (EQ) Flashcards
Which plants cause pyrollizidine alkaloid hepatotoxicity?
Ragwort
Houndstongue
what is the most specific test for pyrollizidine alkaloid toxicity?
Alkaloid blood test
Which toxin is produced by sycamore?
Hypoglycin A (myotoxin)
What are the signs of sycamore toxicity?
Weak/fasciculation
Recumbency
Red urine
Inc serum muscle enzymes
Which toxins are produced by acorns?
Tannins (Enteroxins)
What are the signs of acorn toxicity?
Acute Death
Colic
Tenesmus
Haemorrhagic D+
How is acorn toxicity treated?
Medical Colic Tx
Name 3 plants that would cause cardiac toxicity in the horse.
Oleander
Foxglove
Rhododendron
Which plant causes pastern/cannon leukocytoclastic vasculitis?
St Johns Wort
Which plant causes oral irritation/ulcers?
Giant Hogweed
Which plant causes cyanide poisoning?
Sorghum
Which plant causes stringhalt signs?
Flatweed
Which plant causes atropine-like signs? (mydriasis/shaking/dry MMs)
Deadly nightshade
How is deadly nightshade poisoning treated?
Neostigmine
Activated charcoal
SUPPORT
Which plant causes anorexia, convulsions and cardiac dysrhythmias?
Bracken Fern
Which plant causes death is an opisthotonus position?
Bracken Fern
How is bracken fern poisoning treated?
Thiamine IM
Which plant causes death from respiratory paralysis?
Hemlock
Which plant causes bradycardia, hypothermia, death and congestion in liver/spleen/lung?
Yew
Which plant causes trembling and poor coordination, as well as nervousness?
Ergot
Mouldy corn disease causes which clinical signs?
Blindness/ataxia/circling
Hyperexcitability/seizures
Death
Which grass affects pregnant mares and unborn foals?
Fescue
What are the 2 main Ddx for lead poisoning in the horse?
Rabies
Botulism
Which mineral toxicity causes hair loss and laminitis?
Selenium
