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FARM ID (Pig & Poultry) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the notifiable disease of chickens?

A

Avian influenza virus & newcastle disease virus

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2
Q

Which pigeon disease is notifiable?

A

Pigeon paramyxovirus

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of avian influenza?

A

Respiratory distress Dec food/h20 intake Diarrhoea Egg drop Neurological signs Death

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4
Q

What lesions are present on PM of avian influenza?

A

Cyanosis of wattle/comb Tracheal Heamorrhage Pericardial/Abdo haemorrhage

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5
Q

What are the sub-groups of NDV in chickens?

A

Viscerotropic Neurotropic Mesogenic Lentogenic Asymptomatic

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6
Q

How is NDV controlled?

A

Vaccination

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7
Q

Which disease, caused by a birnavirus, causes immunosuppression of chickens?

A

Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

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8
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of acute IBDV infection.

A

Sudden Feather ruffle & vent pecking Dehydrated & mucle haemorrhage Mortality peaks @ 3d

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9
Q

in highly virulent IDBV, what lesions are found on PM?

A

Haemorrhage on muscle, proventriculus and BoF. Other lymphoid organs affected

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10
Q

Which disease of chickens reduces vaccine efficacy, due to its destruction of B cells?

A

IBDV

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11
Q

What lesions are seen PM with subclinical IBDV?

A

Bursal Atrophy Increased 2e Dz

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12
Q

How do you diagnose IBDV?

A

PM Bursa VI/PCR Serology possible

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13
Q

What are the main ddx for IBDV?

A

Coccidiosis Nephrogenic IBVs Newcastle Dz Mareks Dz Adenovirus

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14
Q

How can we control IBDV?

A

Vaccination

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15
Q

In what 2 ways is Chicken Anaemia Virus spread?

A

Horizontal Vertical - faeco-oral and resp

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16
Q

Which 3 tissues are most infected with CAV infection?

A

Thymus Spleen BM

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17
Q

What are the clinical signs of CAV?

A

12-17d Anorexic, weak anaemic pancytopenia

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18
Q

How is CAv diagnosed?

A

PCR

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19
Q

How is CAV vaccine administeres?

A

Injection or drinking water in breeders before egg production

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20
Q

What are the classic signs of mareks Dz?

A

Tumours and neve swellings

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21
Q

How is mareks virus excreted?

A

Hair follicles - in dander and dust

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22
Q

What are the 4 manifestations of mareks?

A

Neurological “floppy broiler” Visceral - tumours Cutaneous - tumours Ocular

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23
Q

What is the mortality of mareks Dz?

A

Up to 100%

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24
Q

How is mareks disease controlled?

A

Vaccine at 1d old

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25
Q

What is Infectious bronchitis (IBV) caused by? (chicken)

A

type 3 coronavirus

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26
Q

What are the signs of IBV in layers?

A

resp dz egg drop poor quality eggs

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27
Q

What are the signs of IBV in broilers?

A

resp dz dec bodyweight

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28
Q

How are young birds affected by some strains of IBV?

A

Nephritis

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29
Q

Where do we isolate IBV from for virus identification?

A

Eggs

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30
Q

Which paramyxovirus causes rhinotracheitis in chickens and turkeys?

A

Avian Metapneumovirus

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31
Q

What are the clinical signs of Turkey Rhinotracheitis?

A

Cough & Sneeze Nasal exudate Swollen sinus Ocular discharge

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32
Q

What are the clinical signs of aMPV infection in chickens?

A

clear nasal disch watery eyes egg drop & shell faults

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33
Q

How does aMPV cause egg drop?

A

Tranmitted in droplets Resp epithelium infected infection via blood oviduct epithelium infected

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34
Q

How do you control aMPV?

A

Vaccine - SPRAY! Biosecurity (AIAO) Ventilation Reduce stocking density

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35
Q

Which mycoplasma diseases cause respiratory/MSK disease in intensively farmed chickens and turkeys?

A

M gallisepticum & synoviae

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36
Q

Which mycoplasma disease causes airsacculitis in turkeys?

A

M. meleagridis

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37
Q

Which mycoplasma disease causes swollen joints in poultry?

A

M synoviae

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38
Q

Which poultry Dz leads to fibrinous perihepatitis & air sacculitis?

A

Mycoplasma gallisepticum

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39
Q

How do we diagnose mycoplasma?

A

Cx + PM AND C&I/PCR/Seorology

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40
Q

Which poultry disease causes gasping & expectoration of mucus?

A

Infectious Laryngotracheitis (Herpesvirus)

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41
Q

Which disease causes reproductive failure in sows and pneumonia in piglets?

A

PRRSV

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42
Q

What are the signs of PRRSV in sows?

A

Reproductive failure Anorexia/fever/lethargy Pneumonia HL/SQ oedema Red/blue ears and vulva

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43
Q

How does PRRSV contribute to major economic losses?

A

It is part of the PRDC.

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44
Q

Which porcine pathogen infects macrophages, and can cause a severe interstitial pneumonia?

A

PRRSV

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45
Q

How is PRRSV diagnosed?

A

Oral Fluid ELISA

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46
Q

How is PRRSV controelled?

A

Vaccine to minimise clinical signs.

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47
Q

what are the clinical signs of swine influenza in the sow?

A

Fever & abortion Coughing Pneumonia Often in waves as endemic

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48
Q

Which viral porcine Dz may cause great economic losses due to its effect on growers?

A

Porcine circovirus 2

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49
Q

What is the PCV2 vaccine available in europe?

A

Circovac

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50
Q

What is the cause of porcine enzootic pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae

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51
Q

Which Dz causes a necrohaemorrhagic pleuropneumonia in young pigs?

A

bordetella bronchiseptica

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52
Q

Which Dz causes a tan, firm bronchopneumonia in older pigs?

A

bordetella bronchiseptica

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53
Q

How can we protect pigs from bordetella bronchiseptica?

A

Vaccine

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54
Q

Which pathogen causes greasy pig Dz?

A

Staphylococcus hyicus

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55
Q

In which production stage is greasy pig Dz the biggest porblem?

A

Weaned pigs

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56
Q

How is gready pig dz transmitted?

A

During parturition - replicates in sows vagina

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57
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of greasy pig Dz.

A

Bacterial exfoliative toxin. Loss of cell-cell adhesion in superficial epidermis. Skin prone to 2e infection

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58
Q

How is greasy pig dz treated?

A

Parenteral amoxycillin/lincomycin

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59
Q

What causes ringworm in pigs?

A

Trichophyton metagrophytes

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60
Q

How does PDNS present in pigs?

A

extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz

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61
Q

How does PDNS present in pigs?

A

extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz

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62
Q

What is the most common ectoparasite of pigs?

A

Sarcoptic mange

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63
Q

How is porcine sarcoptes treated?

A

Avermectins

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64
Q

How is porcine sarcoptes diagnosed?

A

DEEP skin scrape

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65
Q

Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?

A

Legs, Ears, Body

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66
Q

Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?

A

Legs, Ears, Body

67
Q

Which pathogen causes porcine proliferative enteritis and haemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

68
Q

When does porcine proliferative enteritis usually cause a problem in pigs?

A

Finishing pigs with ranging disease - may be sudden death, may be chronic wasting

69
Q

What pathogeneiss does porcine lawsonia infection cause?

A

Hose-pipe like ileum with wall thickening

70
Q

When does haemorrhagic bowel syndrome usually cause a problem in pigs & how?

A

Growers - sudden death. Thin ileal walls and haemorrhage

71
Q

What is the main DDx for lawsonia in pigs? how do we differentiate?

A

Campylobacter PCR

72
Q

What are the 3 manifestations of E coli in pigs?

A

Neonatal scour Post-weaning diarrhoea Oedema Disease

73
Q

which toxin causes oedema disease of pigs?

A

E coli Shiga like toxin

74
Q

What are the clinical signs of oedema Dz in pigs?

A

High mortality Strange squeal stupor Anorexia and ataxia Puffy fcae and eyes

75
Q

How is oedema Dz treated/prevented in pigs?

A

Prevent: vaccine Tx: antimicrobial

76
Q

Which two clostridial subtypes are of most significance in the pig?

77
Q

Which c perfringens subtype is associated with low-grade chronic diarrhoea of pigs?

78
Q

Which c perfringens subtype is associated with acute, high mortality disease of piglets?

A

C (E coli common Ddx)

79
Q

Which disease of pigs causes an aero-chocolate liver?

A

Clostridium novyi

80
Q

Which clostridial disease of pigs can NOT be treated?

A

Type C - too late once onset of symptoms has begun

81
Q

Which pathogen is responsible for hog cholera?

A

S Choleraesuis

82
Q

Which 2 campylobacter subspp cause porcine enteritis?

A

C. coli or C mucosalis

83
Q

Which zoonotic cause of porcine viral enteritis has 4 subgroups?

A

Rotavirus - vacc only against serogroup A

84
Q

which virus is responsible for porcine epidemic diarrhoea?

A

Coronavirus

85
Q

which virus is responsible for Transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?

A

Coronavirus - similar ot resp pathogen

86
Q

Which virus is a possible cause of PMWS in pigs 2-4mo?

87
Q

What are the clinical signs of PMWS?

A

Chronic wasting Diarrhoea Eneteritis Skin Lesions

88
Q

Which disease causes reproductive failure in sows and pneumonia in piglets?

89
Q

What are the clinical signs of PMWS?

A

Chronic wasting Diarrhoea Eneteritis Skin Lesions

90
Q

Which virus is a possible cause of PMWS in pigs 2-4mo?

91
Q

which virus is responsible for Transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?

A

Coronavirus - similar ot resp pathogen

92
Q

which virus is responsible for porcine epidemic diarrhoea?

A

Coronavirus

93
Q

Which zoonotic cause of porcine viral enteritis has 4 subgroups?

A

Rotavirus - vacc only against serogroup A

94
Q

Which 2 campylobacter subspp cause porcine enteritis?

A

C. coli or C mucosalis

95
Q

Which pathogen is responsible for hog cholera?

A

S Choleraesuis

96
Q

Which clostridial disease of pigs can NOT be treated?

A

Type C - too late once onset of symptoms has begun

97
Q

Which disease of pigs causes an aero-chocolate liver?

A

Clostridium novyi

98
Q

Which c perfringens subtype is associated with acute, high mortality disease of piglets?

A

C (E coli common Ddx)

99
Q

Which c perfringens subtype is associated with low-grade chronic diarrhoea of pigs?

100
Q

Which two clostridial subtypes are of most significance in the pig?

101
Q

How is oedema Dz treated/prevented in pigs?

A

Prevent: vaccine Tx: antimicrobial

102
Q

What are the clinical signs of oedema Dz in pigs?

A

High mortality Strange squeal stupor Anorexia and ataxia Puffy fcae and eyes

103
Q

which toxin causes oedema disease of pigs?

A

E coli Shiga like toxin

104
Q

What are the 3 manifestations of E coli in pigs?

A

Neonatal scour Post-weaning diarrhoea Oedema Disease

105
Q

What is the main DDx for lawsonia in pigs? how do we differentiate?

A

Campylobacter PCR

106
Q

When does haemorrhagic bowel syndrome usually cause a problem in pigs & how?

A

Growers - sudden death. Thin ileal walls and haemorrhage

107
Q

What pathogeneiss does porcine lawsonia infection cause?

A

Hose-pipe like ileum with wall thickening

108
Q

When does porcine proliferative enteritis usually cause a problem in pigs?

A

Finishing pigs with ranging disease - may be sudden death, may be chronic wasting

109
Q

Which pathogen causes porcine proliferative enteritis and haemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

110
Q

Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?

A

Legs, Ears, Body

111
Q

Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?

A

Legs, Ears, Body

112
Q

How is porcine sarcoptes diagnosed?

A

DEEP skin scrape

113
Q

How is porcine sarcoptes treated?

A

Avermectins

114
Q

What is the most common ectoparasite of pigs?

A

Sarcoptic mange

115
Q

How does PDNS present in pigs?

A

extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz

116
Q

How does PDNS present in pigs?

A

extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz

117
Q

What causes ringworm in pigs?

A

Trichophyton metagrophytes

118
Q

How is greasy pig dz treated?

A

Parenteral amoxycillin/lincomycin

119
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of greasy pig Dz.

A

Bacterial exfoliative toxin. Loss of cell-cell adhesion in superficial epidermis. Skin prone to 2e infection

120
Q

How is gready pig dz transmitted?

A

During parturition - replicates in sows vagina

121
Q

In which production stage is greasy pig Dz the biggest porblem?

A

Weaned pigs

122
Q

Which pathogen causes greasy pig Dz?

A

Staphylococcus hyicus

123
Q

How can we protect pigs from bordetella bronchiseptica?

124
Q

Which Dz causes a tan, firm bronchopneumonia in older pigs?

A

bordetella bronchiseptica

125
Q

Which Dz causes a necrohaemorrhagic pleuropneumonia in young pigs?

A

bordetella bronchiseptica

126
Q

What is the cause of porcine enzootic pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae

127
Q

What is the PCV2 vaccine available in europe?

128
Q

Which viral porcine Dz may cause great economic losses due to its effect on growers?

A

Porcine circovirus 2

129
Q

what are the clinical signs of swine influenza in the sow?

A

Fever & abortion Coughing Pneumonia Often in waves as endemic

130
Q

How is PRRSV controelled?

A

Vaccine to minimise clinical signs.

131
Q

How is PRRSV diagnosed?

A

Oral Fluid ELISA

132
Q

Which porcine pathogen infects macrophages, and can cause a severe interstitial pneumonia?

133
Q

How does PRRSV contribute to major economic losses?

A

It is part of the PRDC.

134
Q

What are the signs of PRRSV in sows?

A

Reproductive failure Anorexia/fever/lethargy Pneumonia HL/SQ oedema Red/blue ears and vulva

135
Q

Which spirochaete casues diarrhoea and stunted growth in pigs?

A

Brachyspira

136
Q

Is brachyspira aerobic or anaerobic?

137
Q

Which pathogen causes swine dysentry?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

138
Q

Which fetaures are characteristic of swine dysentry?

A

Mucohaemorrhagic colitis Rapid weight loss

139
Q

Which pathogen causes Porcine Intestinal Spirochaetosis?

A

Brachyspira pilosicoli

140
Q

How is swine dysentry transmitted?

A

Faeco-Orally

141
Q

How is swine dysentry diagnosed?

A

PCR of faeces

142
Q

How is swine dysentry terated?

A

Tylosin (or lincomycin/ tiamulin)

143
Q

What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs 1-2w old?

144
Q

What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs >5w old?

145
Q

What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs >5w old?

146
Q

What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs 1-2w old?

147
Q

What type of virus causes transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?

A

Coronavirus

148
Q

How is ILT excreted intermittently for weeks?

A

Herpesvirus - latency

149
Q

What pathology may be found on PM of a chicken with acute ILT?

A

Caseous plugs in trachea

150
Q

Which birds are predisposed to Salmonella infections?

A

Young chicks - other seldom show acute Dz, only subclinical issues

151
Q

Why is Salmonella vaccinated against in the UK poultry industry?

A

PUBLIC HEALTH - an economic burden for farmers

152
Q

Which mite is otherwise known as scaly leg mite or red mite?

A

Northern Fowl Mite

153
Q

What are the 2 fatal intestinal parasites of chickens?

A

Capillaria & Ascarids

154
Q

Which caecal worm of chickens causes ill thrift?

A

Heterakis Gallinarium

155
Q

Which endoparasite is transmitted by histomonas?

A

Heterakis Gallinarium

156
Q

Which endoparasite is particularly fatal in young flocks?

A

Gizzard Worm

157
Q

Which intestinal worms cause wieght loss in chickens?

A

Trichostrongyles and tapeworm

158
Q

Which endoparasite of chickens may cause fatal impactions?

159
Q

Which tracheal parasite causes respiratory problems in chickens?

160
Q

What should be used to treat intestinal worms of chickens?

A

Flubendazole: in food 7d

161
Q

Which protozoal parasite in spread by heterakis, causing fatal yellow diarrhoea?

A

Histomonas Meleagridis

162
Q

Which protozoa causes canker in chickens?

A

Trichomonas

163
Q

What is the only vaccine given SQ in chickens?

Veterinary Medicine (68 decks)

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