FARM ID (Pig & Poultry) Flashcards
1
Q
What are the notifiable disease of chickens?
A
Avian influenza virus & newcastle disease virus
2
Q
Which pigeon disease is notifiable?
A
Pigeon paramyxovirus
3
Q
What are the clinical signs of avian influenza?
A
Respiratory distress Dec food/h20 intake Diarrhoea Egg drop Neurological signs Death
4
Q
What lesions are present on PM of avian influenza?
A
Cyanosis of wattle/comb Tracheal Heamorrhage Pericardial/Abdo haemorrhage
5
Q
What are the sub-groups of NDV in chickens?
A
Viscerotropic Neurotropic Mesogenic Lentogenic Asymptomatic
6
Q
How is NDV controlled?
A
Vaccination
7
Q
Which disease, caused by a birnavirus, causes immunosuppression of chickens?
A
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus
8
Q
Describe the pathogenesis of acute IBDV infection.
A
Sudden Feather ruffle & vent pecking Dehydrated & mucle haemorrhage Mortality peaks @ 3d
9
Q
in highly virulent IDBV, what lesions are found on PM?
A
Haemorrhage on muscle, proventriculus and BoF. Other lymphoid organs affected
10
Q
Which disease of chickens reduces vaccine efficacy, due to its destruction of B cells?
A
IBDV
11
Q
What lesions are seen PM with subclinical IBDV?
A
Bursal Atrophy Increased 2e Dz
12
Q
How do you diagnose IBDV?
A
PM Bursa VI/PCR Serology possible
13
Q
What are the main ddx for IBDV?
A
Coccidiosis Nephrogenic IBVs Newcastle Dz Mareks Dz Adenovirus
14
Q
How can we control IBDV?
A
Vaccination
15
Q
In what 2 ways is Chicken Anaemia Virus spread?
A
Horizontal Vertical - faeco-oral and resp
16
Q
Which 3 tissues are most infected with CAV infection?
A
Thymus Spleen BM
17
Q
What are the clinical signs of CAV?
A
12-17d Anorexic, weak anaemic pancytopenia
18
Q
How is CAv diagnosed?
A
PCR
19
Q
How is CAV vaccine administeres?
A
Injection or drinking water in breeders before egg production
20
Q
What are the classic signs of mareks Dz?
A
Tumours and neve swellings
21
Q
How is mareks virus excreted?
A
Hair follicles - in dander and dust
22
Q
What are the 4 manifestations of mareks?
A
Neurological “floppy broiler” Visceral - tumours Cutaneous - tumours Ocular
23
Q
What is the mortality of mareks Dz?
A
Up to 100%
24
Q
How is mareks disease controlled?
A
Vaccine at 1d old
25
What is Infectious bronchitis (IBV) caused by? (chicken)
type 3 coronavirus
26
What are the signs of IBV in layers?
resp dz egg drop poor quality eggs
27
What are the signs of IBV in broilers?
resp dz dec bodyweight
28
How are young birds affected by some strains of IBV?
Nephritis
29
Where do we isolate IBV from for virus identification?
Eggs
30
Which paramyxovirus causes rhinotracheitis in chickens and turkeys?
Avian Metapneumovirus
31
What are the clinical signs of Turkey Rhinotracheitis?
Cough & Sneeze Nasal exudate Swollen sinus Ocular discharge
32
What are the clinical signs of aMPV infection in chickens?
clear nasal disch watery eyes egg drop & shell faults
33
How does aMPV cause egg drop?
Tranmitted in droplets Resp epithelium infected infection via blood oviduct epithelium infected
34
How do you control aMPV?
Vaccine - SPRAY! Biosecurity (AIAO) Ventilation Reduce stocking density
35
Which mycoplasma diseases cause respiratory/MSK disease in intensively farmed chickens and turkeys?
M gallisepticum & synoviae
36
Which mycoplasma disease causes airsacculitis in turkeys?
M. meleagridis
37
Which mycoplasma disease causes swollen joints in poultry?
M synoviae
38
Which poultry Dz leads to fibrinous perihepatitis & air sacculitis?
Mycoplasma gallisepticum
39
How do we diagnose mycoplasma?
Cx + PM AND C&I/PCR/Seorology
40
Which poultry disease causes gasping & expectoration of mucus?
Infectious Laryngotracheitis (Herpesvirus)
41
Which disease causes reproductive failure in sows and pneumonia in piglets?
PRRSV
42
What are the signs of PRRSV in sows?
Reproductive failure Anorexia/fever/lethargy Pneumonia HL/SQ oedema Red/blue ears and vulva
43
How does PRRSV contribute to major economic losses?
It is part of the PRDC.
44
Which porcine pathogen infects macrophages, and can cause a severe interstitial pneumonia?
PRRSV
45
How is PRRSV diagnosed?
Oral Fluid ELISA
46
How is PRRSV controelled?
Vaccine to minimise clinical signs.
47
what are the clinical signs of swine influenza in the sow?
Fever & abortion Coughing Pneumonia Often in waves as endemic
48
Which viral porcine Dz may cause great economic losses due to its effect on growers?
Porcine circovirus 2
49
What is the PCV2 vaccine available in europe?
Circovac
50
What is the cause of porcine enzootic pneumonia?
Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
51
Which Dz causes a necrohaemorrhagic pleuropneumonia in young pigs?
bordetella bronchiseptica
52
Which Dz causes a tan, firm bronchopneumonia in older pigs?
bordetella bronchiseptica
53
How can we protect pigs from bordetella bronchiseptica?
Vaccine
54
Which pathogen causes greasy pig Dz?
Staphylococcus hyicus
55
In which production stage is greasy pig Dz the biggest porblem?
Weaned pigs
56
How is gready pig dz transmitted?
During parturition - replicates in sows vagina
57
Describe the pathogenesis of greasy pig Dz.
Bacterial exfoliative toxin. Loss of cell-cell adhesion in superficial epidermis. Skin prone to 2e infection
58
How is greasy pig dz treated?
Parenteral amoxycillin/lincomycin
59
What causes ringworm in pigs?
Trichophyton metagrophytes
60
How does PDNS present in pigs?
extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz
61
How does PDNS present in pigs?
extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz
62
What is the most common ectoparasite of pigs?
Sarcoptic mange
63
How is porcine sarcoptes treated?
Avermectins
64
How is porcine sarcoptes diagnosed?
DEEP skin scrape
65
Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?
Legs, Ears, Body
66
Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?
Legs, Ears, Body
67
Which pathogen causes porcine proliferative enteritis and haemorrhagic bowel syndrome?
Lawsonia intracellularis
68
When does porcine proliferative enteritis usually cause a problem in pigs?
Finishing pigs with ranging disease - may be sudden death, may be chronic wasting
69
What pathogeneiss does porcine lawsonia infection cause?
Hose-pipe like ileum with wall thickening
70
When does haemorrhagic bowel syndrome usually cause a problem in pigs & how?
Growers - sudden death. Thin ileal walls and haemorrhage
71
What is the main DDx for lawsonia in pigs? how do we differentiate?
Campylobacter PCR
72
What are the 3 manifestations of E coli in pigs?
Neonatal scour Post-weaning diarrhoea Oedema Disease
73
which toxin causes oedema disease of pigs?
E coli Shiga like toxin
74
What are the clinical signs of oedema Dz in pigs?
High mortality Strange squeal stupor Anorexia and ataxia Puffy fcae and eyes
75
How is oedema Dz treated/prevented in pigs?
Prevent: vaccine Tx: antimicrobial
76
Which two clostridial subtypes are of most significance in the pig?
A and C
77
Which c perfringens subtype is associated with low-grade chronic diarrhoea of pigs?
A
78
Which c perfringens subtype is associated with acute, high mortality disease of piglets?
C (E coli common Ddx)
79
Which disease of pigs causes an aero-chocolate liver?
Clostridium novyi
80
Which clostridial disease of pigs can NOT be treated?
Type C - too late once onset of symptoms has begun
81
Which pathogen is responsible for hog cholera?
S Choleraesuis
82
Which 2 campylobacter subspp cause porcine enteritis?
C. coli or C mucosalis
83
Which zoonotic cause of porcine viral enteritis has 4 subgroups?
Rotavirus - vacc only against serogroup A
84
which virus is responsible for porcine epidemic diarrhoea?
Coronavirus
85
which virus is responsible for Transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?
Coronavirus - similar ot resp pathogen
86
Which virus is a possible cause of PMWS in pigs 2-4mo?
PCV2
87
What are the clinical signs of PMWS?
Chronic wasting Diarrhoea Eneteritis Skin Lesions
88
Which disease causes reproductive failure in sows and pneumonia in piglets?
PRRSV
89
What are the clinical signs of PMWS?
Chronic wasting Diarrhoea Eneteritis Skin Lesions
90
Which virus is a possible cause of PMWS in pigs 2-4mo?
PCV2
91
which virus is responsible for Transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?
Coronavirus - similar ot resp pathogen
92
which virus is responsible for porcine epidemic diarrhoea?
Coronavirus
93
Which zoonotic cause of porcine viral enteritis has 4 subgroups?
Rotavirus - vacc only against serogroup A
94
Which 2 campylobacter subspp cause porcine enteritis?
C. coli or C mucosalis
95
Which pathogen is responsible for hog cholera?
S Choleraesuis
96
Which clostridial disease of pigs can NOT be treated?
Type C - too late once onset of symptoms has begun
97
Which disease of pigs causes an aero-chocolate liver?
Clostridium novyi
98
Which c perfringens subtype is associated with acute, high mortality disease of piglets?
C (E coli common Ddx)
99
Which c perfringens subtype is associated with low-grade chronic diarrhoea of pigs?
A
100
Which two clostridial subtypes are of most significance in the pig?
A and C
101
How is oedema Dz treated/prevented in pigs?
Prevent: vaccine Tx: antimicrobial
102
What are the clinical signs of oedema Dz in pigs?
High mortality Strange squeal stupor Anorexia and ataxia Puffy fcae and eyes
103
which toxin causes oedema disease of pigs?
E coli Shiga like toxin
104
What are the 3 manifestations of E coli in pigs?
Neonatal scour Post-weaning diarrhoea Oedema Disease
105
What is the main DDx for lawsonia in pigs? how do we differentiate?
Campylobacter PCR
106
When does haemorrhagic bowel syndrome usually cause a problem in pigs & how?
Growers - sudden death. Thin ileal walls and haemorrhage
107
What pathogeneiss does porcine lawsonia infection cause?
Hose-pipe like ileum with wall thickening
108
When does porcine proliferative enteritis usually cause a problem in pigs?
Finishing pigs with ranging disease - may be sudden death, may be chronic wasting
109
Which pathogen causes porcine proliferative enteritis and haemorrhagic bowel syndrome?
Lawsonia intracellularis
110
Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?
Legs, Ears, Body
111
Where are sarcoptes crusts normally found?
Legs, Ears, Body
112
How is porcine sarcoptes diagnosed?
DEEP skin scrape
113
How is porcine sarcoptes treated?
Avermectins
114
What is the most common ectoparasite of pigs?
Sarcoptic mange
115
How does PDNS present in pigs?
extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz
116
How does PDNS present in pigs?
extensive greasy brown/purple-red raised blotches on abdo, chest, thigh & FL. Depressed/anorexic/fever immobile Poss kidney Dz
117
What causes ringworm in pigs?
Trichophyton metagrophytes
118
How is greasy pig dz treated?
Parenteral amoxycillin/lincomycin
119
Describe the pathogenesis of greasy pig Dz.
Bacterial exfoliative toxin. Loss of cell-cell adhesion in superficial epidermis. Skin prone to 2e infection
120
How is gready pig dz transmitted?
During parturition - replicates in sows vagina
121
In which production stage is greasy pig Dz the biggest porblem?
Weaned pigs
122
Which pathogen causes greasy pig Dz?
Staphylococcus hyicus
123
How can we protect pigs from bordetella bronchiseptica?
Vaccine
124
Which Dz causes a tan, firm bronchopneumonia in older pigs?
bordetella bronchiseptica
125
Which Dz causes a necrohaemorrhagic pleuropneumonia in young pigs?
bordetella bronchiseptica
126
What is the cause of porcine enzootic pneumonia?
Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae
127
What is the PCV2 vaccine available in europe?
Circovac
128
Which viral porcine Dz may cause great economic losses due to its effect on growers?
Porcine circovirus 2
129
what are the clinical signs of swine influenza in the sow?
Fever & abortion Coughing Pneumonia Often in waves as endemic
130
How is PRRSV controelled?
Vaccine to minimise clinical signs.
131
How is PRRSV diagnosed?
Oral Fluid ELISA
132
Which porcine pathogen infects macrophages, and can cause a severe interstitial pneumonia?
PRRSV
133
How does PRRSV contribute to major economic losses?
It is part of the PRDC.
134
What are the signs of PRRSV in sows?
Reproductive failure Anorexia/fever/lethargy Pneumonia HL/SQ oedema Red/blue ears and vulva
135
Which spirochaete casues diarrhoea and stunted growth in pigs?
Brachyspira
136
Is brachyspira aerobic or anaerobic?
Anaerobic
137
Which pathogen causes swine dysentry?
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
138
Which fetaures are characteristic of swine dysentry?
Mucohaemorrhagic colitis Rapid weight loss
139
Which pathogen causes Porcine Intestinal Spirochaetosis?
Brachyspira pilosicoli
140
How is swine dysentry transmitted?
Faeco-Orally
141
How is swine dysentry diagnosed?
PCR of faeces
142
How is swine dysentry terated?
Tylosin (or lincomycin/ tiamulin)
143
What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs 1-2w old?
Death
144
What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs \>5w old?
Recovery
145
What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs \>5w old?
Recovery
146
What is the effect of TGE virus on pigs 1-2w old?
Death
147
What type of virus causes transmissable gastroenteritis in pigs?
Coronavirus
148
How is ILT excreted intermittently for weeks?
Herpesvirus - latency
149
What pathology may be found on PM of a chicken with acute ILT?
Caseous plugs in trachea
150
Which birds are predisposed to Salmonella infections?
Young chicks - other seldom show acute Dz, only subclinical issues
151
Why is Salmonella vaccinated against in the UK poultry industry?
PUBLIC HEALTH - an economic burden for farmers
152
Which mite is otherwise known as scaly leg mite or red mite?
Northern Fowl Mite
153
What are the 2 fatal intestinal parasites of chickens?
Capillaria & Ascarids
154
Which caecal worm of chickens causes ill thrift?
Heterakis Gallinarium
155
Which endoparasite is transmitted by histomonas?
Heterakis Gallinarium
156
Which endoparasite is particularly fatal in young flocks?
Gizzard Worm
157
Which intestinal worms cause wieght loss in chickens?
Trichostrongyles and tapeworm
158
Which endoparasite of chickens may cause fatal impactions?
Ascarids
159
Which tracheal parasite causes respiratory problems in chickens?
Gape Worm
160
What should be used to treat intestinal worms of chickens?
Flubendazole: in food 7d
161
Which protozoal parasite in spread by heterakis, causing fatal yellow diarrhoea?
Histomonas Meleagridis
162
Which protozoa causes canker in chickens?
Trichomonas
163
What is the only vaccine given SQ in chickens?
Mareks
