Clinical Resp Med (SA)

Question 1

Which dogs are most predisposed to chronic bronchitis?

Answer 1

toy breeds

Question 2

Which Dz is characterised by an increase in rest mucus, lost/damaged cilia and a chronic cough which is worse with excitement?

Answer 2

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 3

which parasite causes nodules at the tracheal bifurcation and expiratory bronchial collapse?

Answer 3

Oslerus Osleri

Question 4

Which parasite is visualised as worms on tracheobronchoscopy?

Answer 4

Crenosoma Vulpis

Question 5

which 2 cells types are visible on normal canine/feline BALf?

Answer 5

ciliated columnar cells

Goblet Cells

Question 6

which 3 things are increased on BALF cytology in chronic bronchitis?

Answer 6

mucus
neutrophils
macrophages

Question 7

which 2 bronchodilators are useful for chronic bronchitis management?

Answer 7

theophylline

terbutaline

Question 8

what non-medical interventions can be taken to manage chronic bronchitis?

Answer 8

weight loss
harness instead of collar
avoid irritants
keep mucosa moist - nebulise/steam

Question 9

Which drugs should be used alongside bronchodilators in chronic bronchitis?

Answer 9

glucocorticoids

can also use mucolytics if much-ciliary clearance compromised

Question 10

which antibiotics are involved in the 4-quadrant therapy for life-threatening pneumonia?

Answer 10

potentiated amoxicillin
fluoroquinolone
metronidazole

Question 11

Young, large breed dogs are often susceptible to which spectrum of disease, caused by a hypersensitivity to inhaled allergens?

Answer 11

Eosinophilic bronchopneumonia

Question 12

What is the cytological criteria for EBP?

Answer 12

> 25% eosinophils

Question 13

What is the mainstay Tx for EBP?

Answer 13

prednisolone

Question 14

What would be your major Ddx for a cat with a chronic cough and expiratory dyspnoea?

Answer 14

Asthma

Question 15

What are 2 Rx signs of feline asthma?

Answer 15

increased bronchial markings

Air trapping > flat diaphragm

Question 16

what 3 drugs should be given to a cat in asthmatic respiratory distress?

Answer 16

IV dexamethasone
IM/IV Terbutaline
Inhaled salbutamol

Question 17

What should be given to cats in a severe, life-threatening asthma attack?

Answer 17

Adrenaline IV or via ET tube

Question 18

Which drug can be given at home in response to an asthma attack?

Answer 18

Salbutamol

Question 19

Which inhaled drug can be given at home as a long-term controller for inflammation?

Answer 19

Fluticasone

Question 20

Which drug is given orally q12h to control feline asthma?

Answer 20

Terbutaline (B2 agonist)

Question 21

Which imaging modality is best for checking out a pleural effusion?

Answer 21

ultrasound - less stress, minimal restraint

Question 22

What diet should be fed to a patient following a chylothorax?

Answer 22

High CHO, low fat

Question 23

When should a chest drain be removed?

Answer 23

<2ml/kg fluid/day

Question 24

What are the causes of inspiratory dyspnoea?

Answer 24

Laryngeal paralysis/neoplasia

Tracheal mass/stenosis

Question 25

What are the causes of expiratory dyspnoea?

Answer 25

Dynamic airway collapse

Feline Asthma