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Pigs (clinical) Flashcards

1
Q

How much weight would you expect a pig to grow in its 1st 3w?

A

300% BW

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2
Q

How heavy should a piglet be at birth to maximise chance of survival?

A

1.3kg

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3
Q

What is the largest cause of mortality in piglets?

A

Laid on by mother

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4
Q

What are 2 protocols for GA?

A

Azaperone & Ketamine

Xylazine/Butorphanol & Ketamine

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5
Q

Which drug can be used to induce farrowing?

A

PGF2a

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6
Q

What interval between piglets being born is suggestive of dystocia?

A

> 30m

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7
Q

How is MMA syndrome treated?

A

Steroid
Oxytocin
Pen/Strep

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8
Q

What are the 3 viral causes of scour in piglets?

A

Rotavirus, PED/TGE, PRRS

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9
Q

What are the 2 bacterial causes of scour in piglets?

A

E coli

C perfringens

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10
Q

What are the 3 parasitic causes of scour in piglets?

A

Isospora suis
Cryptosporidium
Strongyloides

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11
Q

Which class of infectious agents cause a profuse watery scour with SI villous atrophy, 2e infection and mortality due to dehydration?

A

Viruses

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12
Q

Which virus causes PED/TGE? What is a distinctive sign with this Dz?

A

Coronavirus

Vomiting

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13
Q

Which Dz causes D+ alongside bruising and conjunctivitis?

A

PRRS

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14
Q

Which pathogen causes a sudden death with acute haemorrhagic enteritis? Tx?

A

Clostridium Perfringens Type C

Penicillin - PREVENT w/vaccine

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15
Q

Which pathogen causes a pasty scour and poor growth?

A

C perfringens type A.

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16
Q

Which pathogen causes a pasty yellow scour fro 10-21d that is unresponsive to Tx?

A

Coccidiosis i.e. Isospora

Toltazuril only Tx!

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17
Q

Which 3 pathogens are responsible for meningitis in piglets?

A

Strep suis
E coli
Haemophilus parasuis

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18
Q

What is the best Tx for piglet meningitis?

A

Steroids and systemic ABs + HYDRATE

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19
Q

What is the target weaning weight in the UK?

A

7kg (@28d)

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20
Q

What are the 2 most common gut infections in weaner pigs?

A

E coli

Salmonella

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21
Q

How is post-weaning E coli treated?

A

aparamycin
neomycin
+water & ZnO
water acidification

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22
Q

Which salmonella subspp of weaners present a zoonotic risk?

A

S typhimurium

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23
Q

Which pathogen causes oedema Dz?

A

E coli

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24
Q

Which pathogen causes meningitis at weaning age? Tx?

A

Strep Suis Type 2

Penicillin/florfenicol
Anti-inflammatories
Warm & quiet

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25
Q

WHat is the most appropriate Tx for Swine Flu?

26
Q

Which pathogen causes atopic rhinitis in pigs? What effect is there on productivity?

A

Pasturella multocida type D

Inc 2e infection - decreased growth

27
Q

Which pathogen causes a generalised lymphadenopathy and immunosoppression in pigs following weaning?

A

PCV2 (PMWS)

28
Q

Which pathogen causes a fatal loss of fluid via dermatological lesions, and is treatable with penicillin/lincomycin?

A

Staph Hyicus (greasy pig Dz)

29
Q

What is the best Tx for ear tip necrosis (Staph) in pigs 7-12w old?

A

NOTHING = self-resolving

30
Q

How is sarcoptes treated?

A

Ivermectin

31
Q

What are the 3 groups of pigs that cannot travel?

A

Piglet <3w old
Sow <1w farrowed
Sow >100d in pig

32
Q

Describe the pathology of Enzootic Pneumonia (M hypopneumoniae) at slaughter.

A

Dependent lobe consolidation

Possible pleurisy

33
Q

Which 3 ABs are most effecting at treating enzootic pneumonia?

A

Tetracyclines
Macrolides
TMPS

34
Q

Which pathogen causes an outbreak of bloody nares, sudden death and solidified pneumonia?

A

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

35
Q

Which pathogen causes a mucohaemorrhgaic scour with a characteristic smell and poor FCR?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

36
Q

What pathogen causes grey “cow pat” faeces and can be controlled through nutritional changes?

A

Brachyspira pilosicoli

37
Q

What is the major DDx for swine dyentery?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis (affects slightly older animals)

38
Q

Which stage of ascaris suum causes respiratory issues?

A

Migrating L3

39
Q

Which stage of ascaris suum causes milk spot liver?

A

Migrating L2

40
Q

Which 2 drug classes are effective against Ascaris suum?

A

Benzimidazoles

Avermectins

41
Q

Which parasite can live on pasture for months?

A

Ascaris Suum

42
Q

Which parasite may cause irritative colitis and is a key Ddx for swine dysentery?

A

Trichuris Suis

43
Q

What are the 3 forms of Erysipelas?

A

Peracute: Dead - septicaemia

Acute: Pyrexia, Lethargic, Diamond skin lesions

Chronic: Endocarditis & stiff lameness

44
Q

Which coccidiostat is used in pigs?

A

Toltazuril

45
Q

Which drugs are used to stimulate oestrus?

A

PG600

GnRH analogues

46
Q

Which drugs are used to synchronise oestrus?

A

synthetic progestagens

47
Q

Which 3 NSAIDs can be given to pigs?

A

Ketoprofen
Meloxicam
Tolfenamic Acid

48
Q

How often are Ery/Clostridial vaccines given?

A

Twice a year

49
Q

Which mineral should be given via injection ot piglets?

50
Q

How long is a sow pregnant?

51
Q

What is the total length of a sow cycle, including pregnancy, rearing and weaning-service interval?

52
Q

What is a regular return to service rate in the pig?

53
Q

Under what weight may piglets be killed using blunt trauma?

54
Q

What lesions can be seen on D1 of FMD in pigs?

A

Swollen coronary band and nose

55
Q

On what day are clasic FMD lesions present in pigs?

56
Q

With the exception of FMD - which 4 vesicular viruses are notifiable in pigs?

A

Swine Vesicular Dz
Vesicular Exanthema
Vesicular Stomatitis
Seneca Valley A Virus

57
Q

What are the signs of African Swine Fever?

A 
Death (up to 100%)
Pyrexia (>41)
Anorexia/V+/D+
Resp signs
Cyanosis
Abortion
58
Q

What is the causative agent of classical swine fever and what are the clinical signs?

A

Picornavirus
Severe D+/V+ weakness, incoordination, skin haemorrhage, severe leukopenia.
Can be more mild

59
Q

Which notifiable Dz of pigs causes a poliencephalomyelitis?

A

Teschen Disease

60
Q

What are the signs of Aujeskys in adult pigs and piglets?

A

Abortion storms, pyrexia and V+

Piglet: V+/D+, nervous signs and pyrexia

Veterinary Medicine (68 decks)

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