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Pigs (clinical) Flashcards

1
Q

How much weight would you expect a pig to grow in its 1st 3w?

A

300% BW

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2
Q

How heavy should a piglet be at birth to maximise chance of survival?

A

1.3kg

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3
Q

What is the largest cause of mortality in piglets?

A

Laid on by mother

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4
Q

What are 2 protocols for GA?

A

Azaperone & Ketamine

Xylazine/Butorphanol & Ketamine

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5
Q

Which drug can be used to induce farrowing?

A

PGF2a

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6
Q

What interval between piglets being born is suggestive of dystocia?

A

> 30m

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7
Q

How is MMA syndrome treated?

A

Steroid
Oxytocin
Pen/Strep

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8
Q

What are the 3 viral causes of scour in piglets?

A

Rotavirus, PED/TGE, PRRS

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9
Q

What are the 2 bacterial causes of scour in piglets?

A

E coli

C perfringens

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10
Q

What are the 3 parasitic causes of scour in piglets?

A

Isospora suis
Cryptosporidium
Strongyloides

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11
Q

Which class of infectious agents cause a profuse watery scour with SI villous atrophy, 2e infection and mortality due to dehydration?

A

Viruses

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12
Q

Which virus causes PED/TGE? What is a distinctive sign with this Dz?

A

Coronavirus

Vomiting

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13
Q

Which Dz causes D+ alongside bruising and conjunctivitis?

A

PRRS

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14
Q

Which pathogen causes a sudden death with acute haemorrhagic enteritis? Tx?

A

Clostridium Perfringens Type C

Penicillin - PREVENT w/vaccine

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15
Q

Which pathogen causes a pasty scour and poor growth?

A

C perfringens type A.

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16
Q

Which pathogen causes a pasty yellow scour fro 10-21d that is unresponsive to Tx?

A

Coccidiosis i.e. Isospora

Toltazuril only Tx!

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17
Q

Which 3 pathogens are responsible for meningitis in piglets?

A

Strep suis
E coli
Haemophilus parasuis

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18
Q

What is the best Tx for piglet meningitis?

A

Steroids and systemic ABs + HYDRATE

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19
Q

What is the target weaning weight in the UK?

A

7kg (@28d)

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20
Q

What are the 2 most common gut infections in weaner pigs?

A

E coli

Salmonella

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21
Q

How is post-weaning E coli treated?

A

aparamycin
neomycin
+water & ZnO
water acidification

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22
Q

Which salmonella subspp of weaners present a zoonotic risk?

A

S typhimurium

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23
Q

Which pathogen causes oedema Dz?

A

E coli

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24
Q

Which pathogen causes meningitis at weaning age? Tx?

A

Strep Suis Type 2

Penicillin/florfenicol
Anti-inflammatories
Warm & quiet

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25
WHat is the most appropriate Tx for Swine Flu?
NSAIDs
26
Which pathogen causes atopic rhinitis in pigs? What effect is there on productivity?
Pasturella multocida type D Inc 2e infection - decreased growth
27
Which pathogen causes a generalised lymphadenopathy and immunosoppression in pigs following weaning?
PCV2 (PMWS)
28
Which pathogen causes a fatal loss of fluid via dermatological lesions, and is treatable with penicillin/lincomycin?
Staph Hyicus (greasy pig Dz)
29
What is the best Tx for ear tip necrosis (Staph) in pigs 7-12w old?
NOTHING = self-resolving
30
How is sarcoptes treated?
Ivermectin
31
What are the 3 groups of pigs that cannot travel?
Piglet <3w old Sow <1w farrowed Sow >100d in pig
32
Describe the pathology of Enzootic Pneumonia (M hypopneumoniae) at slaughter.
Dependent lobe consolidation | Possible pleurisy
33
Which 3 ABs are most effecting at treating enzootic pneumonia?
Tetracyclines Macrolides TMPS
34
Which pathogen causes an outbreak of bloody nares, sudden death and solidified pneumonia?
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
35
Which pathogen causes a mucohaemorrhgaic scour with a characteristic smell and poor FCR?
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
36
What pathogen causes grey "cow pat" faeces and can be controlled through nutritional changes?
Brachyspira pilosicoli
37
What is the major DDx for swine dyentery?
Lawsonia intracellularis (affects slightly older animals)
38
Which stage of ascaris suum causes respiratory issues?
Migrating L3
39
Which stage of ascaris suum causes milk spot liver?
Migrating L2
40
Which 2 drug classes are effective against Ascaris suum?
Benzimidazoles | Avermectins
41
Which parasite can live on pasture for months?
Ascaris Suum
42
Which parasite may cause irritative colitis and is a key Ddx for swine dysentery?
Trichuris Suis
43
What are the 3 forms of Erysipelas?
Peracute: Dead - septicaemia Acute: Pyrexia, Lethargic, Diamond skin lesions Chronic: Endocarditis & stiff lameness
44
Which coccidiostat is used in pigs?
Toltazuril
45
Which drugs are used to stimulate oestrus?
PG600 | GnRH analogues
46
Which drugs are used to synchronise oestrus?
synthetic progestagens
47
Which 3 NSAIDs can be given to pigs?
Ketoprofen Meloxicam Tolfenamic Acid
48
How often are Ery/Clostridial vaccines given?
Twice a year
49
Which mineral should be given via injection ot piglets?
Iron
50
How long is a sow pregnant?
16w
51
What is the total length of a sow cycle, including pregnancy, rearing and weaning-service interval?
21w
52
What is a regular return to service rate in the pig?
21d
53
Under what weight may piglets be killed using blunt trauma?
<5kg
54
What lesions can be seen on D1 of FMD in pigs?
Swollen coronary band and nose
55
On what day are clasic FMD lesions present in pigs?
day 3
56
With the exception of FMD - which 4 vesicular viruses are notifiable in pigs?
Swine Vesicular Dz Vesicular Exanthema Vesicular Stomatitis Seneca Valley A Virus
57
What are the signs of African Swine Fever?
``` Death (up to 100%) Pyrexia (>41) Anorexia/V+/D+ Resp signs Cyanosis Abortion ```
58
What is the causative agent of classical swine fever and what are the clinical signs?
Picornavirus Severe D+/V+ weakness, incoordination, skin haemorrhage, severe leukopenia. Can be more mild
59
Which notifiable Dz of pigs causes a poliencephalomyelitis?
Teschen Disease
60
What are the signs of Aujeskys in adult pigs and piglets?
Abortion storms, pyrexia and V+ Piglet: V+/D+, nervous signs and pyrexia

Veterinary Medicine (68 decks)

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