Opthalmology (Farm)

Question 1

What nerve block should be used to examine the bovine eye?

Answer 1

Auriculopalpebral

Question 2

What is the correct term for new forest eye?

Answer 2

Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis

Question 3

What is the correct term for silage eye?

Answer 3

Bovine iritis

Question 4

What is the most common ocular tumour in cows?

Answer 4

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Question 5

What causes new forest eye?

Answer 5

Morexella Bovis

Question 6

How is IBK treated?

Answer 6

LA cloxacillin ointment
Sub-conjunctival injection - oxytet/ampicillin

Suture 3rd eyelid

Question 7

What are the risk factors for IBK?

Answer 7

flies
woodland
dust
chaff
UV light
Viral pneumonia

Question 8

how can we prevent IBK?

Answer 8

Fly control (ear tag/pour on)
Ventilation and fly control inside

Question 9

When does silage eye occur?

Answer 9

Winter

Question 10

What are the clinical signs of silage eye?

Answer 10

Constricted pupil (early)
Patchy opacity
Glaucoma
Anterior chamber flocules
Corneal Vasc (late)

Question 11

Compare the fluorescin staining of IBK and silage eye.

Answer 11

IBK +ve

Silage eye -ve

Question 12

which pathogen is associated with silage eye?

Answer 12

Listeria

Question 13

How is bovine iritis treated?

Answer 13

bulbar subconjunctival injection of atropine+dex+AB

Question 14

Which breed of cow is predisposed to ocular SCC?

Answer 14

herefords

Question 15

What age do cows present with SCC?

Answer 15

> 5yo

Question 16

How are SCCs treated?

Answer 16

Surgical Removal - may recur

Question 17

Which nerve block(s) should be used for an enucleation?

Answer 17

Retrobulbar

Petersen block

Question 18

What is the issue with enucleation in cows?

Answer 18

prey animal - can be scared more easily and therefore dangerous

Question 19

Which pathogen causes malignant catarrhal fever? (MCF)

Answer 19

Ovine Herpesvirus 2

Question 20

What are the clinical signs of MCF?

Answer 20

Pyrexia (>41)
Depressed
Nasal/mouth erosions
LN enlarge
Resp signs
Eye signs

Question 21

What are the ocular signs of MCF?

Answer 21

conjunctivitis, eyelid oedema, blepharospasm, opacity

Question 22

What is the prognosis for MCF?

Answer 22

Hopeless - fatal Dz

Question 23

Which virus causes IBR?

Answer 23

BHV1

Question 24

How is IBR diagnosed?

Answer 24

ELISA

IF from swab

Question 25

How can IBR be prevented?

Answer 25

Vaccines (marker!)

Question 26

What are the clinical signs of IBR?

Answer 26

``` Pyrexia >41 Conjunctivitis Serous Discharge Corneal oeema Nasal lesion/disch SEVERE milk drop ```

Question 27

What are the signs of listeriosis?

Answer 27

Encephalitis, circling Dz Unilateral facial paralysis Depression

Question 28

How is listeriosis treated?

Answer 28

Oxytet or penicillin

Question 29

Which generalised Dz leads to cataracts?

Answer 29

BVD

Question 30

Ingestion of what may cause Hyphaema?

Answer 30

Bracken

Question 31

How is CCN diagnosed?

Answer 31

PME - brain fluoresces under UV

Question 32

What causes CCN?

Answer 32

Vitamin B1 deficiency

Question 33

What are the signs of CCN?

Answer 33

``` Star gazing -ve menace (blind) +ve PLR Nystagmus Convulsions Opisthotonus ```

Question 34

How should bovine CCN be treated?

Answer 34

Thiamine q3h IV

Question 35

How does lead poisoning present?

Answer 35

-ve menace miosis tremor/convulsion

Question 36

How is Lead poisoning treated?

Answer 36

IV EDTA Sedation Magneisum 5% 4 equal doses 2-5d

Question 37

How is lead poisoning diagnosed?

Answer 37

Pb in kidney and history

Question 38

what are the clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency?

Answer 38

Night blindness -ve menace dilated pupils Optic disc oedema

Question 39

What causes Vit a deficiency?

Answer 39

Growing cattle indoors | Root and straw diet