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Study Decks > Lab practical 2 short answers > Flashcards

Lab practical 2 short answers Flashcards

1
Q

The fire extinguisher is out the side door and past the what? (two words)

A

beverage cart

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2
Q

The fire extinguisher is next to the what?

A

stairwell

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3
Q

How do you spell the type of arrangement that is long and has spirals?

A

spirochetes

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4
Q

How do you spell the type of arrangement that is short and stocky and spirals?

A

spirilum

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5
Q

What is the cell shape of yeasts?

A

Oval

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6
Q

Yeasts either have “no arrangement” OR they have what type of arrangement?

A

pseudohyphae

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7
Q

Are yeasts much bigger than bacteria?

A

Yes

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8
Q

What do yeasts have in their cell walls?

A

Chitan

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9
Q

What will not work because of the chitan in the cell wall of yeast? (two words)

A

gram stain

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10
Q

What is an example of a gram positive cell envelope?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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11
Q

What is an example of a gram negative cell envelope?

A

Escherichia coli

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12
Q

What is an example of an acid fast cell envelope?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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13
Q

What is an example of an Endospore former and capsule former?

A

Bacillus anthracis

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14
Q

We use acid fast on what type of bacteria?

A

mycobacterium

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15
Q

What is used for the primary stain when performing acid fast stains?

A

methylene blue

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16
Q

What do we use in acid fast stains instead of regular alcohol?

A

acid alcohol

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17
Q

Is heat involved with acid fast staining?

A

Yes

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18
Q

What do we use after the acid alcohol and before the counterstain?

A

Heat

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19
Q

What is used as the counterstain in acid staining?

A

carbofusion

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20
Q

What material to we use in acid fast staining that makes us call it “acid fast”?

A

acid alcohol

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21
Q

Why do we use alcohol in gram stain?

A

to break down the cell wall to drive the dye in

22
Q

What happens if we use acid alcohol on a gram stain instead of the normal decolorizer of ethyl alchol? (two words)

A

completely decolorize

23
Q

What is the fundamental difference of the material contained in acid fast cell envelopes?

A

mycolic acid

24
Q

In one word, how would you describe a cell wall containing mycolic acid?

A

waxy

25
Q

What is a medically significant acid fast cell?

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

26
Q

What is the primary stain for spore staining?

A

malachite green

27
Q

What is the counter stain for spore staining?

A

safranin

28
Q

Is it easy for the spores to survive in infection?

A

Yes

29
Q

What is needed for the body to kill spores?

A

Heat the body so high

30
Q

What would also be killed if we heat the body high enough to kill the spores? (one word)

A

body

31
Q

What is the relevance of spores in microbiology laboratory sterility? (three words)

A

Hard to kill

32
Q

Where do we use the spores in microbiology laboratory sterility?

A

autoclave

33
Q

What are the components of capsule stain?

A

India ink

34
Q

What is the function of india ink in the process of capsule stain?

A

simple

35
Q

Is India ink in a capsule stain a positive stain or negative stain?

A

negative

36
Q

What is rendered ineffective by capsules in infection (not environment)?

A

phagocytosis

37
Q

What happened if the temperature goes up on cell function?

A

enzymes denature

38
Q

What cannot be reached if the temperature goes down on cell function?

A

activation energy

39
Q

What type of temperature do Thermophiles like?

A

heat

40
Q

What type of temperature do Pschryophiles like?

A

cold

41
Q

What type of temperature do Mesophiles like? (one word)

A

body

42
Q

What are the range of degrees in celsius that thermophiles survive in? (x to x)

A

20 to 70

43
Q

What is the ideal number of degrees in celsius that thermophiles thrive?

A

50

44
Q

What are the range of degrees in celsius that psychrophiles survive in?(x to x)

A

0 to 20

45
Q

What is the ideal number of degrees in celsius that psychrophiles thrive in?

A

15

46
Q

What is the range of degrees in celsius that mesophiles survive in? (x to x)

A

20 to 40

47
Q

What is the ideal number of degrees in celsius that mesophiles thrive in?

A

37

48
Q

There are three ways spores are relevant in bacterial survival in the environment. In the first way, the spores PROTECT AGAINST what? (two words)

A

drying out

49
Q

There are three ways spores are relevant in bacterial survival in the environment. In the second way, the spores ACT AS A what? (two words)

A

food reserve

50
Q

The reasons the spores can act as a food reserve is because they have something that can be eaten - what is it that can be eaten? (three words)

A

long chain sugars

51
Q

There are three ways spores are relevant in bacterial survival in the environment. In the third way, the spores PROTECT AGAINST what?

A

radiation

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