Dr Joe's Notes Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Microbiology?

A

Microbiology is a sub-discipline of Biology.

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2
Q

What is the microorganisms (microbe)?

A

It is a small organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye.

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3
Q

Give 6 examples of microorganisms (microbe).

A
  1. Bacteria 2. Fungi 3. Algae 4. Protozoa 5. Helminths 6. Viruses
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4
Q

Give 1 characteristic of microorganisms.

A

Microorganisms are endless self-replicating robots.

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5
Q

What is one life goal of the microorganisms?

A

One life goal of microorganisms is to get enough energy to reproduce.

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6
Q

What do the microorganisms eat?

A

Microorganisms are adapted to eat anything that could give energy.

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7
Q

Do microorganisms reproduce?

A

Yes. Microorganisms can reproduce fast and often.

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8
Q

How short do a microorganisms life span can live?

A

Microorganisms short life span is 20 minutes.

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9
Q

How long do a microorganisms life span can live?

A

Microorganisms long life span is 1000’s of years.

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10
Q

Can microbes form spores?

A

Yes.

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11
Q

Where can the microorganisms be found?

A

Microorganisms can be found everywhere.

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12
Q

What are the dominant form of life on our planet?

A

Microorganisms are the dominant form of life on the planet.

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13
Q

How many microorganisms living in the human?

A

1000’s of microorganisms lives on human.

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14
Q

What is the ratio between bacteria cells : human?

A

Bacteria cells out number humans by 10:1.

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15
Q

What are the microorganisms look like?

A
  • Are always enclosed in a membrane. * Spheres * Tubes * Spirals
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16
Q

What is the average size of microorganisms?

A

The average size of microorganism is 0.2 - 5 nm (millionth of a meter).

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17
Q

How many bacteria it would take to span the diameter of a human hair?

A

500 to 2000 microbes.

18
Q

What are the two groups of microorganisms?

A
  1. Eukaryotes 2. Prokaryotes
19
Q

What are Prokaryotic cells?

A

Prokaryotic cells are cells which do not have organelles.

20
Q

What are Eukaryotic cells?

A

Eukaryotic cells are cells having organelles.

21
Q

What is the most important tool of microbiology?

A

Microscope is the most important tool of Microbiology.

22
Q

Who made the 1st microscope?

A

Janssen made the 1st microscope.

23
Q

When did Janssen made the 1st microscope?

A

In 1590 Janssen made the 1st microscope.

24
Q

Who was the first person to see cells?

A

Hooke was the first person to see cells.

25
Q

When did Hooke first see the cells?

A

In 1665, Hooke first see the cells.

26
Q

Who is the Father of Microbiology?

A

Van Leeuwenhoek was the Father of Microbiology.

27
Q

When did Van Leewenheuk consider as the Father of Microbiology?

A

In 1673, Van Leeuwenhoek was consider as the Father of Microbiology.

28
Q

Where do organism come from?

A

Cells - and cells come from other cells

29
Q

What theory states that the organism came from non-living?

A

Spontaneous generation.

30
Q

What are the cells?

A

Cells are the basic unit of life for all organisms.

31
Q

Who says that all organisms have 1 or more cells?

A

In 1839, Schwann & Schleiden says all organisms have 1 or more cells.

32
Q

Who says that all cells come from other cells?

A

In 1858, Virchow says that all cells come from other cells.

33
Q

Who settled the debate about the spontaneous generation?

A

In 1861, Pasteur settled the debate about the spontaneous generation.

34
Q

What is the idea of Ignaz Semmelweis about linking microbes to diseases in 1850?

A

In 1850, Ignaz Semmelweis told that the hospital had a high birthing deaths and doctor are dissecting bodies.

35
Q

What is the idea of Joseph Lister about linking microbes to diseases in 1867?

A

In 1867, Joseph Lister told that we need to disinfect before surgery.

36
Q

What is the idea of Robert Koch about linking microbes to diseases in 1870-1880?

A
  • Microbes cause specific disease * Identifies TB * Used Scientific method show “cause and effect”
37
Q

Explain Koch’s Postulates.

A
  1. Organism is present in all cases. 2. Isolate that organism, grow it pure 3. Inoculum (pure bacteria) causes the same disease. 4. Reisolate microbe.
38
Q

Who developed pasteurized milk?

A

Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk.

39
Q

When did Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk?

A

In 1857, Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk.

40
Q

When is the Golden Age of Microbiology?

A

1857-1914.