Dr Joe's Notes Chapter 1

Question 1

What is the Microbiology?

Answer 1

Microbiology is a sub-discipline of Biology.

Question 2

What is the microorganisms (microbe)?

Answer 2

It is a small organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye.

Question 3

Give 6 examples of microorganisms (microbe).

Answer 3

1. Bacteria 2. Fungi 3. Algae 4. Protozoa 5. Helminths 6. Viruses

Question 4

Give 1 characteristic of microorganisms.

Answer 4

Microorganisms are endless self-replicating robots.

Question 5

What is one life goal of the microorganisms?

Answer 5

One life goal of microorganisms is to get enough energy to reproduce.

Question 6

What do the microorganisms eat?

Answer 6

Microorganisms are adapted to eat anything that could give energy.

Question 7

Do microorganisms reproduce?

Answer 7

Yes. Microorganisms can reproduce fast and often.

Question 8

How short do a microorganisms life span can live?

Answer 8

Microorganisms short life span is 20 minutes.

Question 9

How long do a microorganisms life span can live?

Answer 9

Microorganisms long life span is 1000’s of years.

Question 10

Can microbes form spores?

Answer 10

Yes.

Question 11

Where can the microorganisms be found?

Answer 11

Microorganisms can be found everywhere.

Question 12

What are the dominant form of life on our planet?

Answer 12

Microorganisms are the dominant form of life on the planet.

Question 13

How many microorganisms living in the human?

Answer 13

1000’s of microorganisms lives on human.

Question 14

What is the ratio between bacteria cells : human?

Answer 14

Bacteria cells out number humans by 10:1.

Question 15

What are the microorganisms look like?

Answer 15

• Are always enclosed in a membrane. * Spheres * Tubes * Spirals

Question 16

What is the average size of microorganisms?

Answer 16

The average size of microorganism is 0.2 - 5 nm (millionth of a meter).

Question 17

How many bacteria it would take to span the diameter of a human hair?

Answer 17

500 to 2000 microbes.

Question 18

What are the two groups of microorganisms?

Answer 18

1. Eukaryotes 2. Prokaryotes

Question 19

What are Prokaryotic cells?

Answer 19

Prokaryotic cells are cells which do not have organelles.

Question 20

What are Eukaryotic cells?

Answer 20

Eukaryotic cells are cells having organelles.

Question 21

What is the most important tool of microbiology?

Answer 21

Microscope is the most important tool of Microbiology.

Question 22

Who made the 1st microscope?

Answer 22

Janssen made the 1st microscope.

Question 23

When did Janssen made the 1st microscope?

Answer 23

In 1590 Janssen made the 1st microscope.

Question 24

Who was the first person to see cells?

Answer 24

Hooke was the first person to see cells.

Question 25

When did Hooke first see the cells?

Answer 25

In 1665, Hooke first see the cells.

Question 26

Who is the Father of Microbiology?

Answer 26

Van Leeuwenhoek was the Father of Microbiology.

Question 27

When did Van Leewenheuk consider as the Father of Microbiology?

Answer 27

In 1673, Van Leeuwenhoek was consider as the Father of Microbiology.

Question 28

Where do organism come from?

Answer 28

Cells - and cells come from other cells

Question 29

What theory states that the organism came from non-living?

Answer 29

Spontaneous generation.

Question 30

What are the cells?

Answer 30

Cells are the basic unit of life for all organisms.

Question 31

Who says that all organisms have 1 or more cells?

Answer 31

In 1839, Schwann & Schleiden says all organisms have 1 or more cells.

Question 32

Who says that all cells come from other cells?

Answer 32

In 1858, Virchow says that all cells come from other cells.

Question 33

Who settled the debate about the spontaneous generation?

Answer 33

In 1861, Pasteur settled the debate about the spontaneous generation.

Question 34

What is the idea of Ignaz Semmelweis about linking microbes to diseases in 1850?

Answer 34

In 1850, Ignaz Semmelweis told that the hospital had a high birthing deaths and doctor are dissecting bodies.

Question 35

What is the idea of Joseph Lister about linking microbes to diseases in 1867?

Answer 35

In 1867, Joseph Lister told that we need to disinfect before surgery.

Question 36

What is the idea of Robert Koch about linking microbes to diseases in 1870-1880?

Answer 36

* Microbes cause specific disease * Identifies TB * Used Scientific method show "cause and effect"

Question 37

Explain Koch's Postulates.

Answer 37

1. Organism is present in all cases. 2. Isolate that organism, grow it pure 3. Inoculum (pure bacteria) causes the same disease. 4. Reisolate microbe.

Question 38

Who developed pasteurized milk?

Answer 38

Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk.

Question 39

When did Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk?

Answer 39

In 1857, Louis Pasteur developed pasteurized milk.

Question 40

When is the Golden Age of Microbiology?

Answer 40

1857-1914.