A&P II Lab Ex 6 (Circulatory/Blood Types) Flashcards
What is blood typing?
Blood typing is a method to tell what type of blood you have.
What is an Antigen?
It is a molecule substance that comes from outside the body perceives as being foreign or dangerous.
Where does the antigen come from?
- Toxins
- Chemicals
- Bacteria
- Viruses
What is an Antibody?
It is a protective protein produced by the immune system to the fight off a foreign substance called an antigen.
What is the other term for antibody?
It is also called “immunoglobulin”.
What is the shape of an Antibody?
It is Y-shaped protein.
What is Agglutinogen?
It is an antigen that reacts with or stimulates the formation of a specific agglutinin.
What is Agglutinin
It is an antibody, lectin, or other substance that causes agglutination.
What is the responsibility of Agglutinin?
It is responsible in making sure that there will be blood cells of only one blood type circulating in a person’s body.
What is Alpha-Agglutinin?
It is a complementary cell adhesion glycoproteins, which is active during mating in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
What is Beta-Agglutinin
It is a cell which arc found in plasma.
What is Agglutination?
Agglutination is the process that occurs if an antigen is mixed with its corresponding antibody called isoagglutinin.
When does Agglutination occur?
- Clumping of cells in response to an antibody.
- The adhesion of small particles that are suspended in a solution, which are then (usually) precipitated.
- In allergic reactions, when cells clump together to prevent antigens from entering.
What is Hemoglobin?
It is a protein molecule in red blood cells.
What does hemoglobin do?
It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.
What is RH Factor?
Rhesus (Rh) factor is an inherited protein found on the surface of red blood cells.
What is Erythroblastosis Fetalis?
It is hemolytic anemia in the fetus.
Explain Erythroblastosis Fetalis condition?
It is a condition where the mother’s white blood cells attack the baby’s red blood cells as they would any foreign invaders.
What trait is the Rh+?
Rh+ is the dominant trait.
What trait is the Rh-?
Rh- is the recessive trait.
If the dad is homozygous dominant(homozygous for Rh+) and the mom is Rh-. Then how many percent does the offspring have?
100% of the offspring will carry Rh+ blood.
If the dad is heterozygous, (meaning he carries Rh+ and Rh- alleles). What does it mean?
50% of the offspring will carry Rh+ blood, and 50% of the offspring will carry Rh- blood.
What is genetics?
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.
What is Allele?
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.
What is homozygous?
It describes a genotype consisting of two identical alleles at a given locus.
What is heterozygous?
It describes a genotype consisting of two different alleles at a locus
What is genotype?
the genetic constitution of an individual organism.
What is Phenotype?
the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
