Kaplan Prep - Kidney overview

Question 1

Is the kidney a gland?

Answer 1

yes

Question 2

What does the kidney do to the blood plasma?

Answer 2

the kidney is the gland that filters the blood plasma.

Question 3

How does the filtering that the kidney does work?

Answer 3

It is going to keep anything useful and return it to the blood stream and it is going to eliminate anything wasteful or toxic to the body in the form of urine.

Question 4

What is the nephron known as?

Answer 4

the functional unit of the kidney

Question 5

How many nephrons are there in the kidney?

Answer 5

There are 1.2 million nephrons inside of one kidney.

Question 6

What do nephrons do in relation to water?

Answer 6

They conserve water

Question 7

Where are nephrons located?

Answer 7

nephrons are located in the renal pyramids of the kidney

Question 8

What are the renal pyramids a division of?

Answer 8

the medulla is divided into the renal pyramids

Question 9

Where does blood enter the kidney?

Answer 9

Blood enters into the renal corpuscle.

Question 10

What two structures is the renal corpuscle comprised of?

Answer 10

The Glomerulous and the Bowman’s capsule

Question 11

What is the definition of the word tuft?

Answer 11

A bunch of something

Question 12

Describe the Glomerulus

Answer 12

A tuft of capillaries inside the renal corpuscle.

Question 13

What is the Glomerulus (the tuft of capillaries) surrounded by?

Answer 13

the Bowman’s capsule

Question 14

Where is the Glomerulus?

Answer 14

Inside the renal corpuscle

Question 15

So is the Glomerulus INSIDE of the Bownman’s capsule?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

Where does the filtration take place?

Answer 16

In the Bowman’s capsule

Question 17

What color and shape are each of the Bowman’s capsules?

Answer 17

they are round structures that are a purple color

Question 18

What is the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 18

the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman’s capsule to the loop of Henle.

Question 19

What is the path for anything that is going to be eliminated from the body?

Answer 19

Anything that is going to be eliminated from the body is going to pass through the tubular system through the proximal convoluted tubule into the loop of Henle into the distal convoluted tubule, finally into the collecting duct where the conservation of water and the concentration of urine occurs.

Question 20

What is the loop of Henle and what does it do?

Answer 20

the part of a kidney tubule that forms a long loop in the medulla of the kidney, from which water and salts are resorbed into the blood.

Question 21

Where is the renal medulla?

Answer 21

The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the renal pyramids.

Question 22

Loop of Henle

Answer 22

The part of a kidney tubule that forms a long loop in the medulla of the kidney, from which water and salts are resorbed into the blood. It is the portion of the tubular system that is located between the proximal convoluted tubule and the distal convoluted tubule.

Question 23

Distal Convoluted Tubule: (DCT)

Answer 23

Is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting tubule. The tubular system looks more pink in color on the slide. But you can’t tell which part of the tubular system you are looking at.

Question 24

Collecting Duct

Answer 24

This is where the conservation of water and the concentration of urine occurs. The last part of a long, twisting tube that collects urine from the nephrons (cellular structures in the kidney that filter blood and form urine) and moves it into the renal pelvis and ureters. Also called renal collecting tubule.