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Study Decks > Key Terms A&P I - Lab ex 5 - These need to be distributed to the correct systems and ensure that they are not duplicates > Flashcards

Key Terms A&P I - Lab ex 5 - These need to be distributed to the correct systems and ensure that they are not duplicates Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pharynx?

A

It is the tube going down to the stomach and the lungs.

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2
Q

What is an esophagus?

A

It is a muscular tube connecting the throat (pharynx) with the stomach.

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3
Q

How is long the esophagus?

A

The esophagus is about 8 inches long.

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4
Q

What is a colon?

A

The long, coiled, tubelike organ that removes water from digested food.

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5
Q

What is the other term for colon?

A

Colon is also known as the large intestine.

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6
Q

What is the rectum?

A

The last 6 to 8 inches and the final section of the large intestine.

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7
Q

What does the rectum stores?

A

The rectum stores solid waste until it leaves the body through the anus.

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8
Q

What is the anus?

A

The opening of the rectum to the outside of the body.It is the lower part of your large intestine

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9
Q

What is the buccal cavity?

A

It is the portion of the oral cavity bounded by the lips, cheeks, and gums.

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10
Q

What is the other term for buccal cavity?

A

It is also known as oral cavity.

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11
Q

What is the palate?

A

It is the roof of the mouth.

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12
Q

What is the amylase?

A

An enzyme produced in the pancreas and salivary glands that helps in the digestion of starches.

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13
Q

What is the incisor?

A

It is a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting.

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14
Q

What is the canine?

A

It is a pointed tooth between the incisors and premolars of a mammal.

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15
Q

What is the molar?

A

It is a grinding tooth at the back of a mammal’s mouth.

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16
Q

What is the dentin?

A

The hard tissue of the tooth that surrounds the central core of nerves and blood vessels (pulp).

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17
Q

What are the 4 components of teeth?

A
  1. Enamel
  2. Cementum
  3. Pulp
  4. Dentin
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18
Q

What is enamel?

A

It is the hardest and most highly mineralized substance in your body.

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19
Q

What is the epiglottis?

A

It is a flap made of elastic cartilage covered with a mucous membrane, attached to the entrance of the larynx.

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20
Q

What are some functions of the Epiglottis?

A
  • It covers the trachea during swallowing, so that food does not enter the lungs.
  • It also stands open during breathing, allowing air into the larynx.
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21
Q

What is the larynx?

A

The food pipe in the upper part of the neck

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22
Q

What is another name for the larynx?

A

Voice box is another name for larynx.

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23
Q

How long is the larynx of an adult?

A

2 inches (5cm) long.

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24
Q

Where is the larynx located?

A

It sits above the windpipe (trachea) in the neck and in front of the food pipe.

25
Q

What is the trachea?

A

It is a cartilaginous tube that connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs.

26
Q

What is the function of the trachea?

A

It allows the passage of air, and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs

27
Q

What is the rugae?

A

It is a term used in anatomy that refers to a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ.

28
Q

What is the most common organ that applies the term rugae?

A

It is the internal surface of the stomach (gastric rugae).

29
Q

What is the esophageal hiatus?

A

In human anatomy, it is an opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus and the vagus nerve pass.

30
Q

Where does the esophageal hiatus located?

A

It is located in the right crus, one of the two tendinous structures that connect the diaphragm to the spine.

31
Q

What is the cardiac region?

A

It is the point where the esophagus connects to the stomach and through which food passes into the stomach.

32
Q

What are the 2 curvatures of the stomach?

A
  1. Greater Curvature

2. Lesser Curvature

33
Q

What is the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

It is the boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum.

34
Q

What is the lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

It is the boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum.

35
Q

What is pyloris?

A

It is an infection with symptoms of bloating, belching or burping, nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, and fatigue

36
Q

What is the pyloric sphincter?

A

It is a band of smooth muscle at the junction between the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum of the small intestine

37
Q

What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?

A

It acts as a valve to controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine.

38
Q

What is the duodenum?

A

It is the first and shortest segment of the small intestine.

39
Q

What is the function of the duodenum?

A

It receives partially digested food (known as chyme) from the stomach and plays a vital role in the chemical digestion of chyme in preparation for absorption in the small intestine.

40
Q

What is the jejunum?

A

It is the part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.

41
Q

What is the ilium?

A

It is the largest and most superior of the three bones that join to form the hipbone, or os coxa

42
Q

What is the plicae circulares?

A

These are large valvular flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine.

43
Q

What are villi?

A

Within the small intestine are small finger-like projections of tissue called villi

44
Q

What is the function of the villi?

A

It is specialized for absorption in the small intestine as they have a thin wall, one cell thick, which enables a shorter diffusion path

45
Q

What is the mesentery?

A

It is a fold of membrane that attaches the intestine to the abdominal wall and holds it in place.

46
Q

What are the 2 colic flexures or curvatures in the transverse colon?

A
  1. The “right colic flexure” is known as the “hepatic flexure”.
  2. The “left colic flexure” is known as the “splenic flexure”.
47
Q

What is the right colic flexure?

A

It is the sharp bend between the ascending colon and the transverse colon.

48
Q

What is the function of the right colic flexure?

A

It receives blood supply from the superior mesenteric artery.

49
Q

What is the left colic flexure?

A

It is the bend in the large intestine in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen as the transverse colon continues as the descending colon.

50
Q

What is the rectum?

A

It is the final section of the large intestine, terminating at the anus.

51
Q

What is the anus?

A

It is the opening at the end of the alimentary canal through which solid waste matter leaves the body.

52
Q

What is bile?

A

It is a dark green to yellowish brown fluid, produced by the liver of most vertebrates, that aids the digestion of lipids in the small intestine.

53
Q

What is the caudate lobe?

A

It is an independent part of the liver, supplied by the right and left hepatic artery and portal vein.

54
Q

What is the quadrate lobe?

A

It is a small lobe of the liver on the underside of the right lobe to the left of the fissure for the gallbladder.

55
Q

What is glycogen?

A

It is a readily mobilized storage form of glucose.

56
Q

What are gall stones?

A

These are solid particles that form from bile cholesterol and bilirubin in the gallbladder.

57
Q

What is jaundice?

A

It is a term used to describe a yellowish tinge to the skin and the whites of the eye.

58
Q

What is a cholecystectomy?

A

It is a surgical procedure to remove your gallbladder.

59
Q

What is insulin?

A

It is a hormone made by the pancreas that allows your body to use sugar (glucose).

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