Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Study Decks > Concept 5 - the rest of the questions > Flashcards

Concept 5 - the rest of the questions Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of language do infants use?

A

Non verbal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Motor development in infants is closely related to what?

A

The development of perception, emotion, and cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Many motor skills in the infant are dependent on what?

A

The disappearance of newborn reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Self consoling behavior in an infant is an early form of what?

A

Independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does a maturing central nervous system combined with parental responses aid in?

A

The development of sleep patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the overall goal in regards to infants and sleep patterns?

A

help infants develop self-regulatory skills so that they return to sleep without prompting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fill in the blank:________________ is the work of a child

A

Play

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When do primary or baby teeth begin to erupt?

A

5-7 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a good mathmatical formula estimate of the number of teeth a toddler should have?

A

The age (in months) minus 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a nursing carie?

A

Tooth decay that occurs when the infant is put to bed while sucking on a bottle of milk or juice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When should well child visits be scheduled after birth?

A

Before the newborn is discharged from the hospital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How often should growth, development, health and nutrition of the infant be checked?

A

Every two months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the infant’s immunization schedule?

A

Start at birth, then 2,4, and 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for an infant?

A

Accidents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the first injury prevention activity for the newborn?

A

The use of car seats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the age range for early childhood?

A

1 - 6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are 4 general developmental skills of a child in early childhood?

A

Acquiring receptive language and expressive language, Developing social interaction skills, Mastering early self-control (toilet training), Beginning to develop a self-image and sense of autonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the age of a toddler?

A

1 - 2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the age of a preschooler?

A

2 - 6 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What stage is a toddler in according to Piaget?

A

Sensiromotor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What stage is a toddler in according to Kohlberg?

A

Pre-conventional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What stage is a toddler in according to Erikson?

A

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What stage is a preschooler in according to Piaget?

A

Pre-operational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What stage is a preschooler in according to Kohlberg?

A

Pre-conventional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What stage is a preschooler in according to Erikson?

A

Initiative vs guilt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

When a toddler successfully masters the stage of Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt what does the toddler achieve?

A

self-control and willpower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

When a preschooler successfully masters the stage of Initiative vs Guilt what does it result in?

A

direction and purpose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are 2 moral tasks of early childhood according to Kohlberg?

A

Learning self-control, Learning to share with others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Who do preschoolers look to as models of moral behavior?

A

Parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How will a child learn socially acceptable behavior?

A

through consistent, positive reinforcement and discipline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

When is the preverbal stage of development?

A

1st year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

When does the infant make repetitive sounds?

A

3 to 4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

When are the first words spoken?

A

10 - 13 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Discuss the development of language based on Piaget’s theory for infants and young children

A

infants and young children are in the sensorimotor stage so they are learning about their environment so they look at different objects, pick up different objects, give these objects different names and can eventually say two word sentences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the primary means of learning for infants?

A

play

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is it called when the child believes they are the center of the world?

A

egocentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

During which age range does the child believes they are the center of the world?

A

2-7 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are safe toys for infants?

A

nothing sharp, nothing small, large toys that are plastic are usually best, a mobile in their crib, things they can chew on that are big

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What physical activity should infants be getting?

A

Exploring movement in the environment, caregivers should encourage and stimulate movement experiences and active play for short periods several times a day, promote skill development in movement, perform large muscle activities, structured and unstructured activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What kind of play is common at 2 years old?

A

Pretend play is common at two years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What physical activity should toddlers be getting?

A

Walking, playing with toys, play outside, tag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What are safe toys for toddlers?

A

Ball, blocks, stuffed toys, large cars, plastic toys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What three interventions can promote healthy sleep patterns for infants?

A

parents wait until there is evidence that infants are fully awake before picking them up. In a semi-wakened state, gentle body patting or use of a pacifier should be enough consolation to help the infant return to sleep. Establishment of a pre-sleep routine of quiet activity (rocking or reading)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What interventions can promote healthy sleep patterns for toddlers?

A

Establishment of a pre-sleep routine of quiet activity (rocking or reading)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

When does a child generally learn to walk?

A

12 - 15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

When do the fontanels close?

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

At age 2 how tall is a child?

A

Half their adult height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

At 2 how much does a child weigh?

A

Birth weight X 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

When is the pincer grasp well developed?

A

age 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Do fine motor skills begin to develop during early childhood?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

When is toilet training usually completed by?

A

it may not be completed before 3.5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

When can a child run?

A

age 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

When can the child climb stairs gracefully?

A

age 2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

When can a child ride a tricycle?

A

Age 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

How many primary teeth do children have by the age of 2?

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

At what age can a child print their name?

A

5 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

When do children show a preference for using one hand or the other?

A

Between 18 months and 5 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

When does the child usually achieve 20/20 vision?

A

by age 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What is the order that a child learns to speak (receptive vs expressive language?)

A

Develops receptive language before expressive language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

When can you expect to hear their first clear word from a child and have the child respond to simple commands?

A

by age 1 year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

How many words can a toddler speak by 15 months?

A

4 - 6 words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

How many words can a toddler speak by 19 months?

A

15 words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

By age 2 how many words is in a child’s vocabulary?

A

Vocabulary exceeds 100 words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

By age 2 what kind of commands can a child respond to?

A

can follow two-step commands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is the overall speed of language development?

A

Rapid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

By age 5 how many words is in a child’s vocabulary?

A

Vocabulary exceeds 2000 words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What is a major task for a preschooler?

A

to learn impulse control (age 4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is parallel play?

A

play in which the child plays next to a friend but does not interact with the friend.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

What age is parallel play usually done by children?

A

2 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

What is cooperative play?

A

a group of children can cooperate by acting out a scene together or by building a tower of blocks together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What age is cooperative play done?

A

3-4 year olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What is organized group play?

A

Play with assigned roles, such as playing house with one child assigned the mother role, one the father role, and so on.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

By what age does organized group play happen?

A

Age 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

State three health promotion actions essential in the care of a child under age 6

A

Vaccine schedule should be kept to, Well child visits need to be kept to, Dental care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

State three safety precautions essential in the care of a child under age 6

A

Falls and burns can be common so work to keep these things from happening., Child safety gates at the stairs., appropriate use of car seats, Toys should be sturdy and age appropriate without sharp edges., Preschoolers should not be allowed to carry breakable items or sharp objects., The appropriate use of car seats is essential., A child should not sit in the front seat of a car until older than 13 years of age., Children should not be left inside cars alone., Pot handles should not overhang the edge of stovetops., Preschool children should be taught the dangers of talking to strangers., The use of dishes that have a high lead content should be avoided.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What are four discipline methods for children during the first 5 years?

A

Time-out, Corporal punishment, rewarding good behavior is most effective technique, the operant theory of effective discipline techniques (give something or take something away)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What must discipline have as its basic purpose?

A

guiding, teaching, or correcting of behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What must discipline not have as its basic purpose?

A

punishment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What is the purpose of discipline for toddlers?

A

help them develop self-control while maintaining positive self-esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

For what ages of children is it effective to use “time-out response” for unacceptable behavior?

A

children aged 1-6 year old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

How long are time-outs usually limited to?

A

1 minute per year of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Is corporal punishment good?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Why is corporal punishment bad?

A

pain of the punishment, model aggression, rarely accomplishes the true goal of discipline, you children may model the behavior, child abuse can become a risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

What is the most effective technique of discipline?

A

Rewarding good behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

What are some examples of rewards for good behavior?

A

hug, smile, praise, or material reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

What is the key to successful discipline for parents?

A

consistency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

What is best to do in response to a child who whines, nags, or throws a tantrum?

A

ignore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

When does operant conditioning occur as described by Skinner?

A

when the learner repeats behaviors that result in the positive outcome of reaching his or her goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

How old are children in middle childhood?

A

6 - 12 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

What are 5 general developmental skills of middle childhood?

A

Increase focus on fact vs fantasy, Formation of positive self esteem from internal sources, Growth of relationships outside the family, Concrete thinking & increasing responsibility, Development of secondary sexual characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Can the reliance on the importance of the family decrease in middle childhood?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Name 3 things that can interfere with a child’s achievement of age appropriate developmental tasks with peers

A

divorce, family violence, other home problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Name 3 things that can have an impact on the growth and development of the child?

A

the home, the school, the neighborhood

94
Q

What does the culture of a school age child involve?

A

Memberships in groups of some kind

95
Q

If parents do not find a socially acceptable group for their child, what might the child do?

A

join a gang and maybe become influenced by that group to engage in socially unacceptable behavior to gain acceptance and a sense of belonging

96
Q

What happens if a child is labeled an outcast by a peer?

A

the identification may remain with the child and be incorporated into his or her self image

97
Q

Name two teaching techniques that are appropriate for young children and their parents in a healthcare setting.

A

Help express feelings through words rather than acting out, Tooth-brushing twice daily, Behaviors of the child and responses of the parent should be discussed at well child visits, The use of picture books at regular interactive reading sessions with the toddler also aids in language development., Parents can be taught methods for helping the preschooler to express feelings through words such as “You feel angry now, and I understand.”

98
Q

What are three ways to prevent accidents involving cars commonly experienced by young children?

A

Cars - teach child safety rules of the street. Teach child the meaning of red, yellow, and green traffic lights., Hold toddler’s hand when crossing street., put them in a car seat, if too big for a car seat, make sure they wear their seatbelt, no kids in front seat until they are 13.

99
Q

What are three ways to prevent accidents involving burns commonly experienced by young children?

A

Burns - teach child the meaning of “hot” by having child touch warm sand at the beach., Put matches, cigarettes candles, and incense out of reach and sight., Turn handles of cooking pots toward back of stove.

100
Q

What are three ways to prevent accidents involving falls commonly experienced by young children?

A

Falls - teach children how to go up and down stairs when they show readiness for this task., Fasten crib sides securely and leave them up when child is in crib., Use side rails on large beds when child graduates from crib., Use child gates at stairs.

101
Q

What are some age-appropriate foods based on the physical and developmental capabilities of infants?

A

Infants should be fed formula or breast milk for 1 full year, At 1 year of age, infant can be placed on cow’s milk.; Low-fat milk should not be give to children under age 2, because the fats are necessary for development of the nervous system. At 6 months of age the child is ready for strained rice cereal. Gradually vegetables and fruits are added to the diet, but only one at a time to allow identification of foods that may upset the infant’s stomach ore result in a food allergy response. By 11 months, meat and eggs can be added to the diet. By 1 year, the infant typically eats table food three times a day and can join the family meal schedule.

102
Q

What 2 reflexes does a newborn have?

A

Rooting reflex, Sucking reflex

103
Q

How often are infants usually fed?

A

On demand (every 2 - 3 hours)

104
Q

What kind of liquids should the infant be given for the first year?

A

Breast milk of formula for 1st year

105
Q

Should an infant be given solid foods before 6 months?

A

No

106
Q

Why should you not give a child under 2 low fat milk?

A

because the fats are necessary for development of the nervous system.

107
Q

What kind of liquid can be given to an infant at 1 year?

A

Cow’s milk can be given at 1 year (high-fat)

108
Q

What is a six month old child ready to eat?

A

strained rice cereal

109
Q

What can you gradually add to a diet after 6 months?

A

vegetables and fruits are added to the diet, but only one at a time to allow identification of foods that may upset the infant’s stomach or result in a food allergy response

110
Q

What kinds of foods can be introduced at 9 months?

A

Finger foods (pincer grasp)

111
Q

By 11 months, what can you add to a diet?

A

meat and eggs

112
Q

How does the infant typically eat by 1 year?

A

typically eats table food three times a day and can join the family meal schedule, They can additionally snack.

113
Q

Why should you not give a child under 2 years old honey?

A

because of the risk of botulism poisoning

114
Q

What should commercially prepared foods such as beets, turnips, spinach, celery, and collard greens be given sparingly to infants under 1 year of age?

A

because they are high in nitrates

115
Q

Are High-fiber diets adequate for children?

A

No

116
Q

Why are high-fiber diets not adequate for children?

A

because the foods are filling but do not provide the essential nutrients for growth and development.

117
Q

Why are Children from 1 - 6 years old susceptible to nutritional deficiencies?

A

because growth is rapid and energy output is high.

118
Q

What should the portion plate for children look like?

A

The “Portion Plate” shows 25% of plate should be fruit, 25% veggies, 25% whole grains, 25% or less is lean meat or protein.

119
Q

What are some examples of food you would find on the portion plate?

A

Examples would be: apples, oranges, bananas, salad, peas, green beans, whole grain bread, rice, chicken, eggs, beef, cheese.

120
Q

What influences the food that some children eat?

A

They are fed by adults whose eating habits may be based on ethnic, cultural, folklore, or fad concepts

121
Q

Why is Adequate nutrition so important for young children?

A

it is essential for optimal physical and mental development in young children

122
Q

Are eating habits are developed during the early childhood years?

A

yes

123
Q

By what age is Myelination of the brain complete?

A

by age 7

124
Q

Do bones continue to ossify and grow during middle childhood?

A

Yes

125
Q

Is physical growth fast or slow during school age?

A

Slow

126
Q

When is there a growth spurt in middle childhood?

A

Just before puberty

127
Q

When does the loss of primary teeth begin?

A

About age 6

128
Q

By what age has the head has reached it’s full adult size

A

by age 12

129
Q

How much is the average weight gain in middle childhood?

A

5.5 pounds to 7 pounds per year

130
Q

What is the average height increase in middle childhood?

A

2 inches per year

131
Q

Where in the body do growth spurts mainly occur in middle childhood?

A

mainly in the trunk and extremities

132
Q

How many permanent teeth erupt each year during middle childhood?

A

4

133
Q

During middle childhood, children are progressively more coordinated in what type of motor skills?

A

both gross and fine motor skills

134
Q

During growth spurts do caloric needs increase or decrease?

A

increase

135
Q

At what age do children’s vital signs approximate those of adults?

A

11 Dec

136
Q

At what age do girls typically have a growth spurt?

A

11 Dec

137
Q

At what age range might myopia appear?

A

Between ages 8 and 10

138
Q

Name a medical condition that is a common childhood problem.

A

Asthma

139
Q

What 3 things should you encourage an asthmatic to do?

A

Encourage nasal breathing, scarves, diaphragmatic breathing

140
Q

What are 5 sports that are good for asthmatics and why?

A

swimming, gymnastics, baseball, weight lifting, wrestling, They don’t have to breath as heavily doing these sports.

141
Q

What are 4 different cognitive development skills of middle childhood?

A

Concrete thinkers, Understand rules, Hands-on learning is the most effective educational method for school-age children, Social cognition - decreased egocentrism, increased cooperation & understanding

142
Q

What are children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) likely to do?

A

misbehave unintentionally

143
Q

What are the eight cognitive deficits for middle childhood?

A

inability to understand spatial relationships by visual examination, difficulty in sensing body positions and in programming movements, inability to decipher similar sounding words, difficulty with long-term memory and recall, easily distracted, difficulty remembering items in order, difficulty in receptive language, impaired expressive language

144
Q

What are examples of industry vs inferiority for middle childhood?

A

School age children thrive on accomplishments and praise, Children at this age need to be able to experience real achievement to develop a sense of competency, Likes to do errands and jobs to earn money, Enjoys projects and working with hands

145
Q

What are four things parents can do support the successful accomplishment of the industry vs inferiority phase in middle childhood?

A

Encourage the child’s involvement in sports, Encourage the child’s desire to attain accomplishments, Give child praise for their accomplishments, Support the child’s learning of new skills

146
Q

What are examples of industrious tasks that a middle childhood child could experience?

A

learning to read, learning to write, writing a book report, finishing a school project, reading a child novel

147
Q

What stage does Erikson refer to the school age as?

A

The stage of industry

148
Q

What three things does the child develop in the school age according to Erikson that have to do with industry?

A

a thirst for knowledge, a desire to master skills, emulate role models or heroes

149
Q

During middle childhood, do children have decreased egocentrism and are they more cooperative and understanding of others?

A

Yes

150
Q

In middle childhood, the child now thinks about an action that before was performed physically, according to who?

A

Piaget

151
Q

According to Piaget, can children who are in middle childhood understand rules?

A

Yes

152
Q

According to Piaget, what is the most effective learning method during middle childhood?

A

hands on learning

153
Q

Learning self-control and learning to share with others are tasks of early childhood according to who?

A

Kohlberg

154
Q

When there is successful achievement of industry vs inferiority, what does that impact?

A

The adult’s attitude toward work

155
Q

Who do Preschoolers look carefully at as models of moral behavior in early childhood?

A

Their parents

156
Q

In middle childhood, children now achieve the ability to perform mental operations according to who?

A

Piaget

157
Q

How will a child learn socially acceptable behavior according to Kohlberg?

A

through consistent, positive reinforcement and discipline

158
Q

What kind of play to 5 - 7 year olds engage in?

A

Rough-and-tumble play

159
Q

How much physical activity should children be getting each day?

A

a minimum of 60 minutes

160
Q

What has academic achievement been linked to in children?

A

Vigorous physical activity

161
Q

What are some examples of fun things that middle childhood children like to do?

A

Collecting things, board games, musical instruments, skates, bikes, jump rope, swimming

162
Q

What is a big step toward a child developing independence?

A

Day care

163
Q

When is a child capable of producing their own antibodies?

A

2 months old Note: One slide says that immunizations should start at 2 months and another one says that they should start at birth.

164
Q

At the stage prior to middle childhood, the child could count to 10, but now he or she counts and understands what each number represents, according to who?

A

Piaget

165
Q

In middle childhood, children love to sort and classify “collections” according to who?

A

Piaget

166
Q

According to Piaget, middle childhood children are what kind of thinkers?

A

concrete thinkers

167
Q

What are the 3 phases of moral behavior?

A

Knowledge (logic) - Knowing what is right, Emotion - Feeling good or bad about what is right, Action (behavior) - Behaving according to the rule of what is right

168
Q

Name several effective discipline techniques during middle childhood

A

Corporal punishment, Age appropriate positive reinforcement of good behavior, Should combine reward and punishment and should be based on age-appropriate behavior expectations

169
Q

In typical play activities during middle childhood, do children play mostly in groups of children of the opposite sex, or their same sex?

A

same sex

170
Q

In typical play activities during middle childhood, what type of activities dominate?

A

gang activities

171
Q

During middle childhood, what type of reading do children enjoy?

A

age appropriate books

172
Q

During middle childhood, is most play active or sedentary?

A

active

173
Q

During middle childhood, do most games require equipment?

A

no

174
Q

Are bicycles important during middle childhood?

A

yes

175
Q

Name several appropriate toys for middle childhood.

A

bicycles, skates, swimming gear, and jump ropes

176
Q

Typically, how old are children who engage in rough and tumble play?

A

5 to 7

177
Q

Give five reasons school age children need daily physical activity

A

to build strength, endurance, coordination, to slow the development of coronary risk factors, and to build a foundation of healthy lifestyle habits

178
Q

How long is sex education?

A

it is a lifelong process

179
Q

Do parents have an impact on the molding of sexuality in their infants and children?

A

yes

180
Q

Acceptance or rejection of hugging and kissing as an expression of emotion by parents can influence what?

A

sexuality

181
Q

According to Freud, what period (sexually) is a child in during their middle childhood years?

A

latency

182
Q

Is play that involves touching genitals common?

A

Yes

183
Q

Between what ages is play that involves touching genitals common?

A

ages 4 - 7

184
Q

How often do children ask questions about sex?

A

often

185
Q

How should children’s questions about sex be answered?

A

they should be given honest and accurate answers

186
Q

What are two major health risks for school age children?

A

Obesity, Accidents

187
Q

What are three health related teaching methodologies for school age children?

A

Teaching sessions should be no more than 45 minutes at a time, Teach truthfully and factually and age appropriate, Concrete thinking children will need step by step instructions

188
Q

Name 7 Health topics that should be taught to school age children.

A

Injury prevention, Adequate nutrition, Dental care, Immunizations, Psychosocial adjustment, Positive choices, Social relationships

189
Q

Autonomy

A

independence

190
Q

Cephalocaudal

A

the progression of the growth pattern that proceeds from head to toe

191
Q

Nonverbal language

A

the language of motions, postures and gestures

192
Q

Growth

A

indicates an increase in size

193
Q

Object Permanence

A

knowing an object is there even though it is not within sight

194
Q

Pincer Action

A

The ability to pick up small objects with the thumb and forefinger

195
Q

Cooperative Play

A

A group of two or more children who cooperate by playing together

196
Q

Middle Childhood

A

The ages of children between 6 and 12 years old

197
Q

Discipline

A

A technique used to guide, teach or correct behavior; it may include consequences but is not punishment

198
Q

Receptive Language

A

Ability to understand words

199
Q

Preoperational Thinking

A

the second stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. This stage begins around age two and last until approximately age seven. During this stage, the child learns to use the symbols of language.

200
Q

Latchkey Children

A

children who are allowed to remain without direct supervision, usually during the hours after school, because both parents work and extended family are not available to care for the children

201
Q

Moral Behaviors

A

Actions based on moral reasoning

202
Q

Infant

A

The period between 4 weeks and 1 year

203
Q

Coping Skill

A

A behavior that helps and individual adapt to or manage a stressful situation

204
Q

Development

A

Indicates an increase in function and mastery of tasks for the specific phase in the lifespan

205
Q

Separation Anxiety

A

When an infant cries or protests when the parent leaves the room or when a stranger approaches. Separation anxiety usually emerges after 6 months of age.

206
Q

Social cognition

A

By age 7 ego centrism decreases. Children become more cooperative and begin to understand how their actions may affect other people. This understanding called social cognition enables children to interact better with peers and can enhance their self concept.

207
Q

Corporal punishment

A

spanking

208
Q

Cognitive Style

A

refers to a pattern of thought and reasoning. Some children take a cluster of knowledge and group it in a certain way to better remember the information. Some use mnemonic techniques such as the rhyme for remembering the number of days in each month of the year.

209
Q

Expressive language

A

spoken language

210
Q

Fine Motor Skills

A

things like writing, drawing, eating (using smaller muscles)

211
Q

Parallel play

A

the 2 year old plays next to a friend but does not interact with the friend.

212
Q

Early childhood

A

1 - 6 years of age

213
Q

Age-appropriate toys

A

those toys that are safe and promote the cognitive and motor development of the specific age group

214
Q

Ordinal Position

A

the position in the family - an only child, oldest child, youngest child, middle child may influence the age and rapidity of mastering developmental tasks

215
Q

What do language or other communication problems cause a risk for in middle childhood?

A

social isolation and underachievement in school

216
Q

What is the name of the IQ test?

A

Stanford-Binet intelligence quotient (IQ) test

217
Q

What does the Wechsler Intelligence Scale determine?

A

Verbal and non-verbal intelligence

218
Q

What do school age children thrive on?

A

accomplishments & praise

219
Q

Why do school age children need to be able to experience real achievement?

A

to develop a sense of competency

220
Q

What do middle childhood children begin to compare their family values with?

A

the values of others

221
Q

Are friendships with same-sex peers important during middle childhood?

A

Yes - they are very important

222
Q

Name 3 things that can interfere with a child’s achievement of developmental tasks during middle childhood.

A

Divorces, family violence, other home problems

223
Q

What are some positive things that can happen with latchkey children?

A

Some enjoy the independence and develop maturity and problem-solving skills

224
Q

What are some negative things that can happen with latchkey children?

A

Others feel isolated and may be at an increased risk for accidents or getting into trouble

225
Q

What kinds of answers should be given to middle childhood children regarding questions about sex?

A

honest and accurate answers

226
Q

Which parent do middle childhood children identify with?

A

same-sex parents

227
Q

How long is the attention span of a middle childhood child?

A

Maximum of 45 minutes

228
Q

How should you present information to a middle childhood child?

A

in a truthful, factual, and age-appropriate manner

229
Q

What do periods of praise and occasional rewards reinforce in a middle childhood child?

A

learning accomplishments

230
Q

What can peer attitudes do in a middle childhood child?

A

they can influence learning and they can enhance the application of values taught

Study Decks (78 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions