Chapter 4 - need to restudy

Question 1

The prefix Staphylo - means what?

Answer 1

grape-like clusters

Question 2

A bacterial (what) is defined as a collection of cells that share a pattern of overall similarity in traits

Answer 2

species

Question 3

celia are not possessed by

Answer 3

bacteria

Question 4

what spore forming anaerobic bacteria genus and species causes gas gangrene?

Answer 4

cloistridium perfringens

Question 5

cyanobacteria have an extensive system of internal membranes that function in photosynthesis called what?

Answer 5

thylakoids

Question 6

cytoplasmic (what), such as granules or vesicles, can store organic and inorganic nutrients and even gases or magnetic iron oxides

Answer 6

inclusions

Question 7

the tendency of cells of the same species to have a variety of shapes and sizes is called what?

Answer 7

pleomorphism

Question 8

In addition to nonessential genes, plasmids carry what?

Answer 8

antibiotic resistance

Question 9

Name two parts of the cell wall of mycobacteria

Answer 9

1. mycolic acid 2. peptidoglycan

Question 10

The prefix Strepto - means what?

Answer 10

is used to indicate that cells are arranged in “chains”

Question 11

What does LPS stand for?

Answer 11

LipoPolySaccharide

Question 12

Pili are composed of what protein?

Answer 12

pilin

Question 13

What do Mycoplasma infections commonly cause?

Answer 13

walking pneumonia

Question 14

The (what term?) is an intracellular network of actin and tubulin filaments that are found throughout the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and contribute to cell shape

Answer 14

cytoskeleton

Question 15

What is the difference between a true nucleus and a nucleoid?

Answer 15

A true nucleus is surrounded by a membrane whereas a nucleoid is not

Question 16

The (what term) is the name given to a structure external to and bound tightly to the cell wall that is made of polysaccharides and proteins and contributes to the pathology of the organism.

Answer 16

capsule

Question 17

The depletion of nutrients is a stimulus for (what term) in bacteria?

Answer 17

sporulation

Question 18

A (what term) is a cuboidal packet of 8, 16, or more cells

Answer 18

sarcina

Question 19

Besides phospholipids, the outer membrane of a gram-negative cell wall contains (what term) that function as antigens and receptors and lipoproteins that anchor the phospholipids into the peptidoglycan layer.

Answer 19

lipopolysaccharides

Question 20

What group of bacteria grows at very low temperature?

Answer 20

Psychrophiles

Question 21

Only gram-negative bacteria contain a(n) what?

Answer 21

outer membrane

Question 22

Green and purple sulfur bacteria differ from the cyanbacteria in having a different type of chlorophyll called what?

Answer 22

bacteriochlorophyll

Question 23

What function(s) do Fungal spores have?

Answer 23

survival and reproduction

Question 24

What function(s) do Bacterial endospores have?

Answer 24

survival only

Question 25

What describes a cluster of flagella emerging from the same site?

Answer 25

Lophotrichous

Question 26

Gram-positive cells that have lost their cell wall are called what?

Answer 26

protoplasts

Question 27

The definitive source for bacterial classification and taxonomy is called what?

Answer 27

Bergey's Manual

Question 28

A bacterial (what?) is a subspecies that shows differences antigenic makeup, susceptibility to bacteriophages, and in pathogenicity.

Answer 28

type

Question 29

What cell envelope component is NOT a static structure?

Answer 29

cell membrane

Question 30

Name two medically relevant endospore-producing genera

Answer 30

Cloistridium, Bacillius

Question 31

What are some diseases that arise from the cloistridium genus?

Answer 31

tetanus, gas gangrene, botulism, food poisoning.

Question 32

What are some diseases that arise from the bacillius genus?

Answer 32

anthrax and food poisoning

Question 33

The mollicutes are bacteria with

Answer 33

no cell wall