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Study Decks > CHAPTER 4 How prokaryotes cells work.xlsx > Flashcards

CHAPTER 4 How prokaryotes cells work.xlsx Flashcards

1
Q

What 8 things an organism must have to be alive?

A
  1. Cellular Organization 2. Heredity 3. Reproduction 4. Growth 5. Development 6. Metabolism 7. Responsiveness 8. Transport
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2
Q

What is the Cellular Organization?

A

Self-contained with regular internal organization

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3
Q

What is the Heredity?

A

able to pass along genetic to their offspring

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4
Q

What is the Reproduction?

A

create fully functional copy of themselves

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5
Q

What is the Growth?

A

the process of increasing in physical size.

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6
Q

What are the 2 level of Growth?

A
  1. Single organism level 2. Population level
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7
Q

What is the Single Organism Level?

A

increase cell size

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8
Q

What is the Population Level?

A

population size increases

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9
Q

What is the Development?

A

change/mature over time

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10
Q

What is the Metabolism?

A

able to break food down into energy and make all cellular components

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11
Q

What is the Responsiveness?

A

sense and interact with the environment

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12
Q

What is the Transport?

A

able material in and out of the cell

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13
Q

What are the parts of the bacteria?

A
  1. Flagella 2. Fimbriae 3. Pili 4. Glycocalyx 5. Cell Envelope 6. Cell Membrane 7. Cell Wall 8. Cytoplasmic matrix 9. Ribosomes 10. Inclusion Bodies 11. Nucleid 12. Cytoskeleton 13. Endospores
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14
Q

What are the 4 external parts of the bacteria?

A
  1. Flagella 2. Fimbriae 3. Pili 4. Glycocalyx
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15
Q

What is the Flagella?

A

It is the propulsion

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16
Q

What is the Fimbriae?

A

It is the velcro

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17
Q

What is the Pili?

A

It is the long tethers

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18
Q

What is the Glycocalyx?

A

It is the sugar shield

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19
Q

What are the 2 parts of the Cell Envelope?

A
  1. Cell Membrane 2. Cell Wall
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20
Q

What is the Cell Envelope?

A

It is the factory’s walls

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21
Q

What is the Cell Membrane?

A

It is the actual barrier

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22
Q

What is the Cell Wall?

A

It is the cell structure (girders)

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23
Q

What are 6 internal parts of the bacteria?

A
  1. Cytoplasmic matrix 2. Ribosomes 3. Inclusion Bodies 4. Nucleoid 5. Cytoskeleton 6. Endospores
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24
Q

What is the Cytoplasmic matrix?

A

It is the liquid entire space

25
Q

What is the Ribosomes?

A

It is the protein synthesis

26
Q

What is the Inclusion Bodies?

A

It is the storage sites

27
Q

What is the Nucleoid?

A

It is the DNA/genetic information

28
Q

What is the Cytoskeleton?

A

It is the internal frame

29
Q

What is the Endospores?

A

It is the hibernation pods

30
Q

What are the 4 features of all cells across all life?

A
  1. Cell Membrane 2. Cytoplastic matrix 3. Ribosomes 4. Nucleoid
31
Q

What do you call a single flagella?

A

Flagellum

32
Q

How do you describe the functions of the flagella?

A

Functions like a spinning motor attached to a propeller

33
Q

Describe step by step how are flagella arranged?

A
  1. Polar 2. Monotrichous 3. Lophotrichous 4. Amphitrichous 5. Peritrichous 6. Periplasmic
34
Q

Describe the Polar?

A

flagellum at 1 end

35
Q

Describe the Monotrichous?

A

1 flagellum

36
Q

Describe the Lophotrichous?

A

few bunched of flagellum at one site

37
Q

Describe the Amphitrichous?

A

Both poles have flagellum

38
Q

Describe the Peritrichous?

A

All over have flagellum

39
Q

Describe the Periplasmic?

A

between the cell wall and membrane - spring like appearance have flagellum

40
Q

Give 3 movements of the flagella?

A
  1. Spin counter clockwise 2. Spin clockwise 3. Chemotaxis
41
Q

What is the Spin counter clockwise when referring to the movement of the flagella?

A

move forward - Run

42
Q

What is the Spin clockwise when referring to the movement of the flagella?

A

Random turns - tumble

43
Q

What is the Chemotaxis?

A

movement by sensing chemicals

44
Q

What do you call a single Pili?

A

Pillus

45
Q

What 3 things describe pili?

A
  1. elongated tubes 2. found on Gram negative bacterial 3. transfer genetic information
46
Q

What 2 things describe Fimbriae?

A
  1. short and numerous bristle 2. stick to cells and surfaces
47
Q

What are the 2 main types of the Glycocalyx?

A
  1. slime layer 2. capsule
48
Q

Give 5 characteristics of a Slime layer.

A
  1. loose shield 2. greased pig 3. thin 4. permeable ( allow more stuffin) 5. Adhesion
49
Q

Give 5 characteristics of a Capsule.

A
  1. tightly bound 2. armor 3. thick 4. less permeable 5. adhesion
50
Q

What is the Biofilms?

A

Is a thin film of bacteria that adheres to a surface.

51
Q

What do the biofilms keep on making?

A

They keep on making glycocalyx

52
Q

What are biofilms going to do to the environment?

A

They make the environment nice and unbitable

53
Q

What is the integral part of life of a biofilms?

A

Their integral part of their life is to join with other bacteria.

54
Q

Describe the layers of the biofilms.

A

The layers of the biofilms are highly organized

55
Q

Where do medical infections form biofilms?

A

Most medical infections form biofilms on implaneted devices

56
Q

What is the 4th leading cause of death?

A

Infections

57
Q

How many percent does have the American hospital infection?

A

10%

58
Q

How do they remove the infection?

A

They do a research on how to remove the infection.

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