CHAPTER 4 How prokaryotes cells work.xlsx

Question 1

What 8 things an organism must have to be alive?

Answer 1

1. Cellular Organization 2. Heredity 3. Reproduction 4. Growth 5. Development 6. Metabolism 7. Responsiveness 8. Transport

Question 2

What is the Cellular Organization?

Answer 2

Self-contained with regular internal organization

Question 3

What is the Heredity?

Answer 3

able to pass along genetic to their offspring

Question 4

What is the Reproduction?

Answer 4

create fully functional copy of themselves

Question 5

What is the Growth?

Answer 5

the process of increasing in physical size.

Question 6

What are the 2 level of Growth?

Answer 6

1. Single organism level 2. Population level

Question 7

What is the Single Organism Level?

Answer 7

increase cell size

Question 8

What is the Population Level?

Answer 8

population size increases

Question 9

What is the Development?

Answer 9

change/mature over time

Question 10

What is the Metabolism?

Answer 10

able to break food down into energy and make all cellular components

Question 11

What is the Responsiveness?

Answer 11

sense and interact with the environment

Question 12

What is the Transport?

Answer 12

able material in and out of the cell

Question 13

What are the parts of the bacteria?

Answer 13

1. Flagella 2. Fimbriae 3. Pili 4. Glycocalyx 5. Cell Envelope 6. Cell Membrane 7. Cell Wall 8. Cytoplasmic matrix 9. Ribosomes 10. Inclusion Bodies 11. Nucleid 12. Cytoskeleton 13. Endospores

Question 14

What are the 4 external parts of the bacteria?

Answer 14

1. Flagella 2. Fimbriae 3. Pili 4. Glycocalyx

Question 15

What is the Flagella?

Answer 15

It is the propulsion

Question 16

What is the Fimbriae?

Answer 16

It is the velcro

Question 17

What is the Pili?

Answer 17

It is the long tethers

Question 18

What is the Glycocalyx?

Answer 18

It is the sugar shield

Question 19

What are the 2 parts of the Cell Envelope?

Answer 19

1. Cell Membrane 2. Cell Wall

Question 20

What is the Cell Envelope?

Answer 20

It is the factory’s walls

Question 21

What is the Cell Membrane?

Answer 21

It is the actual barrier

Question 22

What is the Cell Wall?

Answer 22

It is the cell structure (girders)

Question 23

What are 6 internal parts of the bacteria?

Answer 23

1. Cytoplasmic matrix 2. Ribosomes 3. Inclusion Bodies 4. Nucleoid 5. Cytoskeleton 6. Endospores

Question 24

What is the Cytoplasmic matrix?

Answer 24

It is the liquid entire space

Question 25

What is the Ribosomes?

Answer 25

It is the protein synthesis

Question 26

What is the Inclusion Bodies?

Answer 26

It is the storage sites

Question 27

What is the Nucleoid?

Answer 27

It is the DNA/genetic information

Question 28

What is the Cytoskeleton?

Answer 28

It is the internal frame

Question 29

What is the Endospores?

Answer 29

It is the hibernation pods

Question 30

What are the 4 features of all cells across all life?

Answer 30

1. Cell Membrane 2. Cytoplastic matrix 3. Ribosomes 4. Nucleoid

Question 31

What do you call a single flagella?

Answer 31

Flagellum

Question 32

How do you describe the functions of the flagella?

Answer 32

Functions like a spinning motor attached to a propeller

Question 33

Describe step by step how are flagella arranged?

Answer 33

1. Polar 2. Monotrichous 3. Lophotrichous 4. Amphitrichous 5. Peritrichous 6. Periplasmic

Question 34

Describe the Polar?

Answer 34

flagellum at 1 end

Question 35

Describe the Monotrichous?

Answer 35

1 flagellum

Question 36

Describe the Lophotrichous?

Answer 36

few bunched of flagellum at one site

Question 37

Describe the Amphitrichous?

Answer 37

Both poles have flagellum

Question 38

Describe the Peritrichous?

Answer 38

All over have flagellum

Question 39

Describe the Periplasmic?

Answer 39

between the cell wall and membrane - spring like appearance have flagellum

Question 40

Give 3 movements of the flagella?

Answer 40

1. Spin counter clockwise 2. Spin clockwise 3. Chemotaxis

Question 41

What is the Spin counter clockwise when referring to the movement of the flagella?

Answer 41

move forward - Run

Question 42

What is the Spin clockwise when referring to the movement of the flagella?

Answer 42

Random turns - tumble

Question 43

What is the Chemotaxis?

Answer 43

movement by sensing chemicals

Question 44

What do you call a single Pili?

Answer 44

Pillus

Question 45

What 3 things describe pili?

Answer 45

1. elongated tubes 2. found on Gram negative bacterial 3. transfer genetic information

Question 46

What 2 things describe Fimbriae?

Answer 46

1. short and numerous bristle 2. stick to cells and surfaces

Question 47

What are the 2 main types of the Glycocalyx?

Answer 47

1. slime layer 2. capsule

Question 48

Give 5 characteristics of a Slime layer.

Answer 48

1. loose shield 2. greased pig 3. thin 4. permeable ( allow more stuffin) 5. Adhesion

Question 49

Give 5 characteristics of a Capsule.

Answer 49

1. tightly bound 2. armor 3. thick 4. less permeable 5. adhesion

Question 50

What is the Biofilms?

Answer 50

Is a thin film of bacteria that adheres to a surface.

Question 51

What do the biofilms keep on making?

Answer 51

They keep on making glycocalyx

Question 52

What are biofilms going to do to the environment?

Answer 52

They make the environment nice and unbitable

Question 53

What is the integral part of life of a biofilms?

Answer 53

Their integral part of their life is to join with other bacteria.

Question 54

Describe the layers of the biofilms.

Answer 54

The layers of the biofilms are highly organized

Question 55

Where do medical infections form biofilms?

Answer 55

Most medical infections form biofilms on implaneted devices

Question 56

What is the 4th leading cause of death?

Answer 56

Infections

Question 57

How many percent does have the American hospital infection?

Answer 57

10%

Question 58

How do they remove the infection?

Answer 58

They do a research on how to remove the infection.