Chapter 6 Pt. 3

Question 1

What is muscle tone?

Answer 1

the state of intermediate contraction of a whole skeletal muscle

Question 2

a muscle that lacks muscle tone is _____

Answer 2

limp

Question 3

What is the process of muscle twitch?

Answer 3

latent period —-> contraction phase —-> relaxation phase

Question 4

What is summation?

Answer 4

the second contraction is added to the first

Question 5

Why does summation occur?

Answer 5

because an increasing number of muscle cells are stimulated to contract

Question 6

What is tetanus?

Answer 6

when the muscle goes into a sustained, powerful contraction

Question 7

What is fatigue?

Answer 7

when the muscle will stop contracting despite continued stimulation

Question 8

What does energy for muscle contraction look like after 6 seconds of exercise?

Answer 8

ATP stored in muscles

Question 9

What does energy for muscle contraction look like after 10 seconds of exercise?

Answer 9

ATP formed from creative phosphate and ADP

Question 10

What does energy for muscle contraction look like after 30-40 seconds of exercise, if oxygen is limited?

Answer 10

glucose oxidized to lactic acid

Question 11

What does energy for muscle contraction look like after 30-40 seconds of exercise, if oxygen is present?

Answer 11

heart beats faster to deliver oxygen more quickly

myoglobin releases oxygen

Question 12

After prolonged exercise, _______ _____ is paid back

Answer 12

oxygen debt

Question 13

After prolonged exercise, you breath heavily to deliver oxygen, resulting in:

Answer 13

1) lactic acid used to produce ATP
2) creatine phosphate restored
3) oxygen restored to myoglobin
4) glycogen reserves restored

Question 14

What is oxygen-debt?

Answer 14

created by the muscles’ using more ATP than was provided by aerobic metabolism

Question 15

What are the 2 general types of skeletal muscle cells?

Answer 15

1) Slow-twitch muscle cells

2) Fast-twitch muscle cells

Question 16

What are Slow-twitch muscle cells?

Answer 16

contract slowly when stimulated, but with enormous endurance

Question 17

What are Fast-twitch muscle cells?

Answer 17

contract rapidly and powerfully, but with far less endurance

Question 18

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

designed for endurance

Answer 18

Slow-twitch muscle cells

Question 19

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

contract slowly

Answer 19

Slow-twitch muscle cells

Question 20

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

strong, sustained contraction

Answer 20

Slow-twitch muscle cells

Question 21

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

steady supply of energy

Answer 21

Slow-twitch muscle cells

Question 22

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

designed of rapid, powerful response

Answer 22

Fast-twitch muscle cells

Question 23

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

contract rapidly

Answer 23

Fast-twitch muscle cells

Question 24

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

short, powerful contraction because there is more actin and myosin than in slow-twitch muscle cell

Answer 24

Fast-twitch muscle cells

Question 25

Is this Slow-twitch or Fast-twitch muscle cell:

depend more heavily on anaerobic metabolic pathways to generate ATP, so fatigue rapidly

Answer 25

Fast-twitch muscle cells

Question 26

True or False: People have the same amount of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle cells

Answer 26

False; People vary in the amount of slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle cells they possess

Question 27

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

walking, jugging, or swimming

Answer 27

aerobic exercise

Question 28

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

enough oxygen is delivered to the muscles to keep them going for long periods

Answer 28

aerobic exercise

Question 29

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

increases muscle coordination, improves digestive tract movement, and increases the strength of the skeleton

Answer 29

aerobic exercise

Question 30

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

cardiovascular and respiratory system improvements

Answer 30

aerobic exercise

Question 31

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

does not increase muscle size

Answer 31

aerobic exercise

Question 32

Is this aerobic or resistance exercise:

muscular development

Answer 32

resistance exercise

Question 33

What is delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)?

Answer 33

after intense exercise, muscles sometimes become tender and weak

Question 34

Forcing muscles to exert more than 75% of their maximal strength adds ___________ to existing muscle cells and increases the ____ ________

Answer 34

myofilaments

cell diameter