Chapter 3 Pt. 6 Flashcards
Cellular respiration produces:
__ ATP from glycolysis + __ ATP from the citric acid cycle + ___ ATP from the electron transport chain= ___ molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose
2
2
32
36
Cellular respiration produces:
2 ATP from ________ + 2 ATP from the _____ ____ ______ + 32 ATP from the _______ _________ ______= 36 molecules of ____ per molecule of ________
glycolysis citric acid cycle electron transport chain ATP glucose
What is fermentation?
the breakdown of glucose without oxygen
What are the products of fermentation?
2 molecules of ATP
True or False: Fermentation is more affective than cellular respiration
False; fermentation is inefficient
What is the process of fermentation?
(1) it begins with glycosides in the cytoplasm
(2) the remaining fermentation reactions also take place in the cytoplasm, transferring electrons from NADH to pyruvate or a derivate of pyruvate
What is lactic acid fermentation?
during strenuous exercise, oxygen in our muscles run low
as compensation cells increase lactic acid fermentation to ensure continued production of ATP
______ yields _________ ____(+) + ________ ____(-)
Water
hydrogen ion
hydrogen Ion
The pH scale is based off of the ____ scale, which has ___ _____ differences
log
10 fold
________-_____-___________ system maintains our bloods acidity
Carbonic-acid-bicarbonate
Biological molecules have a _______ framework
carbon
What molecules are associated with life (a.k.a. biiological molecules)?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
ATP is made of what three components?
- nitrogen containing base
- pentose sugar
- three prospruvate group
DNA & RNA are both _______ ______
nucleic acids
_____ & _____ are both nucleic acids
DNA
RNA
What are the different types of nucleotides that only bond through hydrogen bonds?
Adienine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
Nucleotides that bond together:
- ________ bonds with Cytosine
- Adienine bonds with ________
Guanine
Thymine
Nucleotides that bond together:
- Guanine bonds with ________
- ________ bonds with Thymine
Cytosine
Adienine
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
(1)
(2) a polypeptide becomes a proetin
(3) proteins are modified in the ER
(4) proteins depart
(5) go to transport vesicle
(6) vesicles break off for transfer
a ribosome links amino acids
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
(1) a ribosome links amino acids
(2)
(3) proteins are modified in the ER
(4) proteins depart
(5) go to transport vesicle
(6) vesicles break off for transfer
a polypeptide becomes a proetin
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
(1) a ribosome links amino acids
(2) a polypeptide becomes a proetin
(3)
(4) proteins depart
(5) go to transport vesicle
(6) vesicles break off for transfer
proteins are modified in the ER
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
(1) a ribosome links amino acids
(2) a polypeptide becomes a proetin
(3) proteins are modified in the ER
(4)
(5) go to transport vesicle
(6) vesicles break off for transfer
proteins depart
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER):
(1) a ribosome links amino acids
(2) a polypeptide becomes a proetin
(3) proteins are modified in the ER
(4) proteins depart
(5)
(6) vesicles break off for transfer
go to transport vesicle
The process of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER): (1) a ribosome links amino acids (2) a polypeptide becomes a proetin (3) proteins are modified in the ER (4) proteins depart (5) go to transport vesicle (6)
vesicles break off for transfer
What is the difference between rough ER and smooth ER?
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum lacks ribosmes
The process of lysosomes:
(1)
(2) lysosome fuses with vescile containing bacterium
(3) lysosomal enzymes break the bacterium down into smaller molecules that diffuse into cytoplasm
(4) some indigestine
cell engulfs bacterium through phagocytosis
The process of lysosomes:
(1) cell engulfs bacterium through phagocytosis
(2)
(3) lysosomal enzymes break the bacterium down into smaller molecules that diffuse into cytoplasm
(4) some indigestine
lysosome fuses with vescile containing bacterium
The process of lysosomes:
(1) cell engulfs bacterium through phagocytosis
(2) lysosome fuses with vescile containing bacterium
(3)
(4) some indigestine
lysosomal enzymes break the bacterium down into smaller molecules that diffuse into cytoplasm
The process of lysosomes:
(1) cell engulfs bacterium through phagocytosis
(2) lysosome fuses with vescile containing bacterium
(3) lysosomal enzymes break the bacterium down into smaller molecules that diffuse into cytoplasm
(4)
some indigestine
____________ is also known as “anaerobic respiration”
Fermentation
Fermentation is also known as “_________ __________”
“anaerobic respiration”
