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Biology 100 > Chapter 17 Pt. 2 (Final Exam Pt. 13) > Flashcards

Chapter 17 Pt. 2 (Final Exam Pt. 13) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 distinct regions of the sperm cell?

A

(1) head
(2) midpiece
(3) tail

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2
Q

Which distinct regions of the sperm cell is this:

contains the father’s chromosomes, his genetic contribution to the next generation

A

head

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3
Q

Which distinct regions of the sperm cell is this:

contains mitochondria that will provide metabolic energy to fuel the trip to the egg

A

midpiece

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4
Q

Which distinct regions of the sperm cell is this:

whiplike movements propel the sperm

A

tail

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5
Q

What is an acrosome?

A

a sac that covers the head of the sperm, contains enzymes that will assist in fertilization

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6
Q

Why does the level of testosterone in the body remains relatively steady?

A

its production is regulated by a negative feedback loop involving hormones from the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the testes

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7
Q

What are the hormones important in regulating male reproductive processes?

A

(1) Testosterone
(2) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
(3) Luteinzing hormone (LH)
(4) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(5) Inhibin

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8
Q 
Which hormone (in regulating male reproductive processes) is this:
interstitial cells in testes
A

Testosterone

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9
Q 
Which hormone (in regulating male reproductive processes) is this:
hypothalamus (in brain)
A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

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10
Q 
Which hormone (in regulating male reproductive processes) is this:
anterior pituitary gland (in brain)
A

Luteinzing hormone (LH)

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11
Q 
Which hormone (in regulating male reproductive processes) is this:
anterior pituitary gland (in brain)
A

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

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12
Q 
Which hormone (in regulating male reproductive processes) is this:
seminiferous tubules in testes
A

Inhibin

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13
Q

What are the effects of Testosterone?

A
  • sperm productions
  • development and maintenance of male reproductive structures
  • male secondary sex characteristics
  • sex drive
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14
Q

What are the effects of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?

A

stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release LH

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15
Q

What are the effects of Luteinzing hormone (LH)?

A

stimulates interstitial cells of testis to produce testosterone

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16
Q

What are the effects of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

enhances sperm formation

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17
Q

What are the effects of Inhibin?

A
  • inhibits FSH secretion by anterior pituitary gland

- causes a decrease in sperm production and testosterone production

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18
Q

Luteinzing hormone (LH) is sometimes called _________ ____-___________ _________ or _____

A

interstitial cell-stimulating hormone

ICSH

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19
Q

What are the organs of female reproductive system?

A

(1) ovary
(2) oviducts
(3) uterus
(4) vagina
(5) clitoris
(6) breasts

20
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

produces eggs and the hormones estrogen and progesterone

A

ovary

21
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

transport ovulated oocyte (or embryo if fertilization occurred) to the uterus; the usual site of fertilization

A

oviducts

22
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

receives and nourishes embryo

A

uterus

23
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

receives penis during intercourse; serves as birth canal

A

vagina

24
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

contributes to sexual arousal

A

clitoris

25
Q

Which female reproductive organ is this:

produce milk

A

breasts

26
Q

the oviducts are also known as _________ tubes or ________ tubes

A

fallopian

uterine

27
Q

“muscle layers that stretch to accommodate the developing baby; contract during childbirth to deliver the baby “?

A

uterine wall

28
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

the lining of the uterus that is built up and lost each month as menstrual flow; the usual site of implantation

29
Q

What is the cervix?

A

the opening of the uterus that extends into the vagina

30
Q

What is the vulva?

A

the female reproductive structures that lie outside the vagina

31
Q

What is the difference between Labia minora and Labia majora?

A

Labia minora- one of the 2 inner skin folds that are part of the external genitalia

Labia majora- one of the 2 outer skin folds that are part of the external genitalia

32
Q

What is the difference between the ovarian cycle and uterine cycle?

A

ovarian cycle- the changes in the ovary that produce the egg occur in a cycle about 1 month long

uterine cycle- the events during the ovarian cycle must be closely coordinated with those in the uterus

33
Q

What happens during days 1-13 of the ovarian cycle?

A

follicle develops, caused by FSH

follicle cells produce estrogen

34
Q

What happens during day 14 of the ovarian cycle?

A

ovulation is triggered by LH surge

35
Q

What happens during days 15-21 of the ovarian cycle?

A

corpus luteum forms and secretes estrogen and progesterone

36
Q

What happens during days 22-28 of the ovarian cycle?

A

corpus luteum generates, causing estrogen and progesterone levels to decline

37
Q

What happens during day 1 of the uterus cycle?

A

onset of menstrual flow (breakdown of endometrium)

38
Q

What happens during day 6 of the uterus cycle?

A

endometrium begins to thicken

39
Q

What happens during days 15-23 of the uterus cycle?

A

endometrium is further prepared for implantation of the embryo by estrogen and progesterone

40
Q

What happens during days 24-28 of the uterus cycle?

A

endometrium begins to degenerate owing to declining maintenance by progesterone

41
Q

What are the Hormones involved in Regulating Female Reproductive Processes?

A

(1) estrogen
(2) progesterone
(3) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(4) luteinizing hormone (LH)

42
Q

What are the effects of estrogen?

A

(1) maturation of the egg
(2) development and maintenance of female reproductive structures
(3) secondary sex characteristics
(4) thickens endometrium of uterus in preparation for implantation of embryo
(5) cell division in breast tissue

43
Q

What are the effects of progesterone?

A

(1) further prepares uterus for implantation of embryo

(2) maintains endometrium

44
Q

What are the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?

A

stimulates development of a follicle in the ovary

45
Q

The uterine cycle is also known as the ________ cycle.

A

menstrual

46
Q

What is menopause?

A

when ovulation and menstruation stop completely

Biology 100 (58 decks)

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