Chapter 1 Pt. 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of life?
- living things contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids
- living things are composed of cells
- living things grow and reproduce
- living things use energy and raw materials
- living things respond to their environment
- living things maintain homeostasis
- populations of living things have adaptive traits and evolve
_____- the smallest units of life
Cell
What are the two types of cellular organisms?
unicellular organisms
multicellular organisms
__________ organisms- organisms that only have a single cell
unicellular
___________ organisms- organisms with trillions of cells
multicellular
__________- all chemical reactions that occur within the cells of living things
metabolism
__________ maintains life and allows organisms to grow
metabolism
metabolism maintains ____ and allows _________ to grow
life
organisms
stimulus leads to ________
response
_______ leads to response
stimulus
__________- the relatively constant and self-correcting internal environment of a living organism
homeostasis
What is the difference between homeostasis and metabolism?
Metabolism- all chemical reactions that occur within the cells of living things
Homeostatis- the relatively constant and self-correcting internal environment of a living organism
What are adaptive traits?
traits that help it survive and reproduce in its natural environment
The process of using adaptive traits is also known as _______ _________.
natural selection
________- plants rooted on the surfaces of other plants
epiphytes
All organisms came from the first cells, but through _________, ________ arose
evolution
diversity
True or False: All organisms came from the first cells
True
Organisms with the greatest similarity are grouped together in ________
domains
What are the domains of organisms?
(1) Domain Bacteria
(2) Domain Archaea
(3) Domain Eukarya
Which domain of organisms is this:
unicellular prokaryotic organisms
Domain Bacteria
Which domain of organisms is this:
unicellular prokaryotic organisms
most live in extreme environments
Domain Archaea
Which domain of organisms is this:
eukaryotic cells that contain a membrane-bound nucleus and internal compartments (i.e. organelles)
Domain Eukarya
True or False; There is a definitive answer for what is considered alive
False; There is no definitive answer
List the levels of biological organization from smallest to biggest.
- atom
- molecule
- organelle
- cell
- tissue
- organ
- organ systems
- individuals
- population
- community
- ecosystem
- biosphere
Which level of biological organization is this:
a unit of matter that cannot be further broken down
atom
Which level of biological organization is this:
the chemical components of cells
molecule
Which level of biological organization is this:
a component within the cell that carries out specific functions
organelle
Which level of biological organization is this:
the smallest unit of life
cell
Which level of biological organization is this:
a group of similar cells that perform the same function
tissue
Which level of biological organization is this:
a structure with two or more tissues working together to perform a function
organ
Which level of biological organization is this:
at least two organs working
organ systems
Which level of biological organization is this:
a single organism
individual
Which level of biological organization is this:
all individuals of the same species in an area
population
Which level of biological organization is this:
all the species in an ecosystem that can interact
community
Which level of biological organization is this:
a community and its physical environment
ecosystem
Which level of biological organization is this:
the part of the earth that supports life
biosphere
Who created the categorization of life?
Carl Linnaeus
List the categorizations of life from biggest to smallest.
- Domain
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
What is the acronym for the categorization of life?
Do Kings Play Chess On Fine Grain Sand
What are the kingdoms in the domain eukarya?
- Protist Kingdom
- Fungi Kingdom
- Plants Kingdom
- Animal Kingdom
What kind of organisms are in the protist kingdom?
protozoans
algae
diatoms
What kind of organisms are in the fungi kingdom?
molds
mushrooms
What kind of organisms are in the plant kingdom?
mosses
ferns
seed plants
What kind of organisms are in the animal kingdom?
invertebrates
vertebrates
Are humans vertebrates or invertebrates?
vertebrates
What are vertebrates?
animals with a nerve cord protected by a backbone
Humans are _________ and _________
mammals
primates
What are the characteristics of mammals?
we have hair
we feed our young milk produced by mammary glands
What are the characteristics of primates?
forward-looking eyes
a well-developed brain
opposable thumbs
