Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 100 > Chapter 12 Pt. 3 (Final Exam Pt. 5) > Flashcards

Chapter 12 Pt. 3 (Final Exam Pt. 5) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

the lymphatic system consists of ______ and _________ _______

A

lymph

lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between lymph and lymphatic vessels?

A

lymph- fluid identical to interstitial fluid

lymphatic vessels- through which the lymph flows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A

(1) return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream
(2) transport products of fat digestion from the small intestine to the bloodstream
(3) help defend against disease-causing organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the _________ ___________ are microscopic, blind-ended tubules through which surplus tissue fluid enters the lymphatic system to be returned to the bloodstream

A

lymphatic capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How do lymphatic capillaries differ from blood capillaries?

A

(1) lymphatic capillaries end blindly

(2) lymphatic capillaries are much more permeable than blood capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the lymph nodes?

A

small bean-shaped structures that cleanse the lymph as it slowly filters through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the lymphoid organs?

A

(1) tonsils
(2) right lymphatic duct
(3) thymus
(4) thoracic duct
(5) spleen
(6) lymph vessels
(7) lymph nodes
(8) payer’s patches
(9) red bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

____________ _________ is the single biggest killer of men and women in the U.S.

A

cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why does cardiovascular disease affect more men than women?

A

women have higher levels of estrogen than men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is thrombus?

A

a stationary blood clot that forms along the wall of a blood vessel or within the heart that may obstruct blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is embolism?

A

a blockage of a blood vessel where it can block blood flow and produce tissue death beyond that point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is hypertension?

A

high blood tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hypertension is often called the _______ ______

A

silent killer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

hypertension can damage the ______ and _______

A

heart

kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False: 90% of cases of hypertension have no known cause

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

a buildup of fatty substances in the walls of arteries, fueled by an inflammatory response

17
Q

An artery can be partially obstructed with _______

An artery can be completely obstructed with _______ and a ______ _____

A

plaque
plaque
blood clot

18
Q

What is coronary artery disease?

A

a condition in which the fatty deposits associated with atherosclerosis form within coronary arteries, the vessels that nourish the heart muscle

19
Q

a temporary shortage of oxygen to the heart is accompanied by ______ ______

A

angina pectoris

20
Q

What is angina pectoris?

A

chest pain

21
Q

What is coronary angiography?

A

a process that may be used to spot areas in the coronary arteries that have become narrowed by atherosclerosis

22
Q

What is a myocardial infarction?

A

a part of the heart muscle dies because of insufficient blood supply

23
Q

A myocardial infarction is also known as a ______ _______.

A

heart attack

24
Q

What is myocardial?

A

heart muscle

25
Q

What is infarct?

A

dead tissue

26
Q

What is a coronary thrombosis?

A

a blood clot has blocked a coronary artery

27
Q

What is the most common type of heart attack?

A

coronary thrombosis

28
Q

What are the symptoms of a heart attack?

A 
chest pain (especially in men)
nausea and dizziness
29
Q

What is heart failure?

A

a condition in which the heart is no longer an efficient pump

30
Q

What are the symptoms of heart failure?

A

shortness of breath
fatigue
weakness
fluid accumulation in the lungs or limbs

31
Q

about 25% of all fatal heart attacks are caused by?

A

cigarette smoke

32
Q

How does nicotine negatively affect the heart?

A
  • makes the heart beat faster and constricts blood vessels, raising blood pressure
  • makes platelets stick together, increasing the risk that abnormal blood clots will form
33
Q

How does carbon monoxide negatively affect the heart?

A
  • lingers in the bloodstream for up to 6 hours

- lowers oxygen carrying capacity and delivery

34
Q

smoking increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis in two ways:

A

(1) it decreased the levels of protective cholesterol-transport particles called high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
(2) promotes cholesterol deposits by raising blood pressure

35
Q

What is high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)?

A

carry cholesterol to the liver, and remove cholesterol from cells

Biology 100 (58 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions