Chapter 6 Pt. 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the traits that all muscles share?

A

1) are excitable
2) are contractile
3) are extensile
4) are elastic

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2
Q

Contraction of skeletal muscles generates _____

A

heat

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3
Q

What are synergistic muscles?

A

muscles that must contract at the same time to cause a certain movement

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4
Q

What are antagonistic pairs?

A

produce a movement when one of the pair contracts and the other relaxes

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5
Q

Most muscles are ___________ pairs

A

antagonistic

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6
Q

When antagonistic muscle _________ an opposing action must relax.

A

contracts

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7
Q

When antagonistic muscle contracts an opposing action must ______.

A

relax

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8
Q

Most of the major muscles we use for locomotion, manipulation, and other voluntary movements are attached to ______

A

bones

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9
Q

What are tendons?

A

a band of connective tissue

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10
Q

What is an origin?

A

the end attached to the bone that remains relatively stationary during a movement

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11
Q

What is insertion?

A

the end attached to the bone that moves

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12
Q

What are some major muscles of the body?

A

1) triceps brachii
2) pectoralis major
3) serratus anterior
4) external oblique
5) rectus abdominis
6) adductor longus
7) sartorius
8) quadriceps femoris
9) tibialis anterior
10) biceps brachii
11) deltoid
12) trapezius
13) latissimus dorsi
14) gluteus maximus
15) hamstring group
16) gastrocnemius

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13
Q

Which major muscle is this: straightens arms at elbow

A

triceps brachii

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14
Q

Which major muscle is this: flexes and rotates arm

A

pectoralis major

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15
Q

Which major muscle is this: helps raise arm, draws shoulder blade forward; useful in pushing

A

serratus anterior

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16
Q

Which major muscle is this: assists in lateral twisting of body, compresses abdomen

A

external oblique

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17
Q

Which major muscle is this: compresses abdomen and chest, bends backbone

A

rectus abdominis

18
Q

Which major muscle is this: rotates thigh laterally, flexes thigh, draws thigh toward body

A

adductor longus

19
Q

Which major muscle is this: bends lower leg at knee, bends and rotates thigh at hip

A

sartorius

20
Q

Which major muscle is this: flexes thigh at hips, extends log at knee

A

quadriceps femoris

21
Q

Which major muscle is this: flexes foot toward knee

A

tibialis anterior

22
Q

Which major muscle is this: bends forearm at elbow, rotates hand

A

biceps brachii

23
Q

Which major muscle is this: raises arm

A

deltoid

24
Q

Which major muscle is this: raises, turns, and lower the shoulder; turns head

A

trapezius

25
Q

Which major muscle is this: rotates and draws arm backward; helps in climbing

A

latissimus dorsi

26
Q

Which major muscle is this: extends and rotates thigh when walking or climbing

A

gluteus maximus

27
Q

Which major muscle is this: draws thigh backward, bends knee

A

hamstring group

28
Q

Which major muscle is this: extends foot away from knee; bends lower leg at knee

A

gastrocnemius

29
Q

What are fascicles?

A

smaller bundles that form the muscles

30
Q

Each _______ is wrapped in its own connective tissue sheath

A

fascicle

31
Q

Each fascicle is wrapped in its own __________ ______ ______

A

connective tissue sheath

32
Q

What are muscle fibers?

A

the actual muscle cells

33
Q

What is striated (striped) muscle?

A

muscles that have pronounced bands that look like stripes

34
Q

Striated (striped) muscle is also known as ________ _______

A

skeletal muscle

35
Q

Striations are caused by the orderly arrangement of many elongated _________

A

myofibrils

36
Q

What are myofibrils?

A

specialized bundles of proteins within the muscle cell

37
Q

Each myofibrils contains 2 types of the long protein filaments called ____________.

A

myofilaments

38
Q

Each myofibrils contains what 2 types of myofilaments?

A

1) Myosin filaments

2) Actin filaments

39
Q

Which type of myofilament is this:

thicker

A

Myosin filaments

40
Q

Which type of myofilament is this:

a greater number of thinner

A

Actin filaments

41
Q

Each myofibril has tens of thousands of contractile units called ___________

A

sarcomeres

42
Q

The ends of each sarcomere are marked by dark bands of protein known as __ _____

A

Z lines