Chapter 17 Pt. 4 (Final Exam Pt. 15) Flashcards
True or False: viral STDs cannot be cured with antibiotics
True
_______ _____ may be caused by any of several human papilloma viruses (HPVs)
genital warts
genital warts may be caused by any of several _______ _________ ________ (_____)
human papilloma viruses (HPVs)
What are the types of viral STDs?
(1) genital herpes
(2) HPV genital infection
Which viral STD is this:
Flu-like symptoms present:
genital herpes
Which viral STD is this:
Blisters go away, but the virus remains
genital herpes
Which viral STD is this:
symptoms recur periodically
genital herpes
Which viral STD is this:
Small warts appear on sex organs
HPV genital infection
Which viral STD is this:
May cause itching, burning, irritation, discharge, bleeding
HPV genital infection
What are the effects of genital herpes?
(1) Cannot be cured
(2) Recurrence of blisters
(3) Infection can pass to fetus, causing miscarriage or stillbirth
(4) Can cause brain damage in newborns
What are the effects of HPV genital infection?
(1) Formation of additional warts
(2) Closely associated with cervical cancer and penile cancer
(3) Infection an pass to infant during childbirth
What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)- the final stage in HIV infection during which the immune system is slowly weakened
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes AIDS
The primary target of HIV is the _______ __ _____
helper T cell
the structure of HIV:
-the _________ comes from the cell membrane of the previous host cell
envelope
the structure of HIV:
-the tip of HIV’s ________ _____ fits into receptors on the host cell, allowing HIV to enter the cell
protein spike
the structure of HIV:
-HIV’s _________ ______ are embedded in the _________ of HIV
protein spikes
envelope
the structure of HIV:
-_________ ____________ is the enzyme that rewrites HIV’s RNA as DNA
Reverse transcriptase
the structure of HIV:
-HIV’s genetic information is in the form of _____
RNA
the structure of HIV:
-______ ________ surrounding the core
viral proteins
the life cycle of HIV:
(1)
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2)
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3)
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4)
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5)
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6)
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
the life cycle of HIV:
(1) HIV attaches to a CD4 receptors on the cell membrane of the host cell
(2) His fuses with the cell membrane and releases its contents into the host cell
(3) HIV’s protein coat degrades
(4) reverse transcriptase rewrites HIV’s single-stranded RNA as HIV’s double-stranded DNA
(5) HIV’s DNA enters the host cell’s nucleus and is then inserted into the DNA of a host cell chromosome
(6) Many copies of single-stranded HIV RNA are made.
(7)
(7) HIV RNA and proteins father at the cell membrane and leave the host cells as an immature virus
What are the major modes of transmission of HIV?
(1) unprotected sexual activity
(2) intravenous drug use
(3) infected mother to offspring before, during, and after birth
HIV can infect any cell that has a ____ _______ (like a helper T cell)
CD4 receptor
What are the symptoms of HIV in the brain?
forgetfulness, impaired speech, inability to concentrate, depression, seizures, and personality changes
What are the stages of HIV?
(1) the initial infection
(2) an asymptomatic stage
(3) initial disease symptoms
(4) early immune failure
(5) AIDS
