Chapter 19 Pt. 3 Flashcards
What are karyotypes?
chromosomes numbered form largest to smallest
__________ can be checked for irregularities in number or structure of chromosomes
Karyotypes
Karyotypes can be checked for irregularities in _______ or ________ of chromosomes
number
structure
How do gametes, eggs or sperm, differ from somatic cells?
they are haploid
A _______ is indicated by n
haploid
_______- they have only one number of each homologous pair of chromosomes
haploid
What is meiosis?
two divisions that result in up to four haploid daughter cells
Gametes are produced by a type of cell division called ________
meiosis
What are the functions of meiosis?
(1) keeps the number of chromosomes in a body cell constant from generation to generation
(2) increases genetic variability in the population
The steps of Meiosis I:
(1)
(2) the separation of homologous chromosomes occurs reliably
(3) members of homologous pairs line up next to one another by a phenomenon called synapsis
(4) interkinesis
(5) homologous chromosomes separate into two haploid cells, each containing one member of each homologous pair
produces two cells, each with 23 chromosomes
The steps of Meiosis I:
(1) produces two cells, each with 23 chromosomes
(2)
(3) members of homologous pairs line up next to one another by a phenomenon called synapsis
(4) interkinesis
(5) homologous chromosomes separate into two haploid cells, each containing one member of each homologous pair
the separation of homologous chromosomes occurs reliably
The steps of Meiosis I:
(1) produces two cells, each with 23 chromosomes
(2) the separation of homologous chromosomes occurs reliably
(3)
(4) interkinesis
(5) homologous chromosomes separate into two haploid cells, each containing one member of each homologous pair
members of homologous pairs line up next to one another by a phenomenon called synapsis
The steps of Meiosis I:
(1) produces two cells, each with 23 chromosomes
(2) the separation of homologous chromosomes occurs reliably
(3) members of homologous pairs line up next to one another by a phenomenon called synapsis
(4)
(5) homologous chromosomes separate into two haploid cells, each containing one member of each homologous pair
interkinesis
The steps of Meiosis I:
(1) produces two cells, each with 23 chromosomes
(2) the separation of homologous chromosomes occurs reliably
(3) members of homologous pairs line up next to one another by a phenomenon called synapsis
(4) interkinesis
(5)
homologous chromosomes separate into two haploid cells, each containing one member of each homologous pair
what is synapsis?
“bringing together”
What is interkinesis?
a brief interphase like period
What occurs during Meiosis II?
sister chromatids separate, and four haploid daughter cells are formed that may develop into gametes
What happens for males during Meiosis II?
in males, one diploid cell can result in four functional sperm
What happens for females during Meiosis II?
in females, meiotic divisions of one diploid cell result in only one functional egg and up to three nonfunctional cells called polar bodies
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
involves one cell division
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
process two diploid cells
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
occurs in somatic cells
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
results in growth and repair
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
no exchange of genetic material
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
daughter cells are genetically similar
mitosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
involves two cell divisions
meiosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
produces up to four haploid cells
meiosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
occurs only in ovaries and testes during the formation of gametes (egg and sperm)
meiosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
results in gamete (egg and sperm) production
meiosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
parts of chromosomes are exchanged in crossing over
meiosis
Is this mitosis or meiosis:
daughter cells are genetically dissimilar
meiosis
