Social Psych (Aggression, prejudice) Flashcards
According to Berkowitz’s version of the frustration-aggression hypothesis, frustration leads to aggression in the presence of _______
aggressive cues
Research on social learning theory found that a child is more likely to imitate an aggressive model when the model is powerful, successful, liked, and/or ______; is of the same gender; and is ____ for acting aggressively
familiar; rewarded
Overall, studies on media violence suggest that viewing violence ______ view aggression
increases
The research has shown that exposure to violent pornogrphy eincreases aggressive behaviours toward women and increases acceptance of ______ and the adoption of callous attitudes toward sexual violence
rape myths
Zimbardo’s ____ model predicts that people are more likely to act aggressively when they can act anonymously; and his prison study demonstrated the impact of ____ on aggression and other behaviours
deindividuation; social roles
Although opportunities for catharsis do not seem to reduce aggressive behaviours, threats of ______ often do, especially when they come from people who are high in status or power
retaliation
The research has linked prejudice to several factors including a(n) _____ personality and ______ caused by competition over power and limited resources
authoritarian; intergroup conflict
Some investigators argue that, to understand racism, you need to understand that it operates on multiple levels. For example, _____ racism is expressed through the policies and practices of political, criminal justice, education, and healthcare systems while _____ racism refers to the acceptance of negative social stereotypes and beliefs by the targets of those stereotypes and beliefs
institutional; internalized
Sear et al. propose that traditional forms of racism have been largely replaced by _____ racism, which is characterized by a belief that members of minority groups violate traditional American values
symbolic (modern)
Allport proposed that, when designing interventions to reduce prejudice, it’s important to keep in mind that ______ can effectively precede folkways
stateways
Increasing contact between members of different groups is helpful for reducing prejudice when members of different groups have equal ______ and when intergroup cooperation is needed to achieve mutual goals
status and power
A national survey finds that, while most people are in favor of integration in the workplace, the majority also oppose affirmative action. This finding is best explained by what?
symbolic racism
Berkowitz’s (1971) version of the frustration-aggression hypothesis proposes that frustration creates a readiness for aggression but that the expression of aggression also requires which of the following?
the presence of an aggressive cue
Herek (1992) attributes violence against gays and lesbians to:
heterosexism
The __________ proposes that aggressive impulses “build up” inside an individual and must be released and that such release reduces the risk for future aggression
catharsis hypothesis