Abnormal Psychology (Schizophrenia spectrum and Psychotic disorders) Flashcards
Diagnosis of Delusional disorder requires the presence of one or more delusions that last for at least _______
one month
A person with the _____ subtype of delusional disorder is convinced that a particular person is romantically in love with them, with no evidence to support this.
erotomanic
A diagnosis of Schizophrenia requires the presence of at least two active phase symptoms for at least ______ with continuous signs of the disorder for at least ______
one month, six months
In terms of age, the onset of schizophrenia is most often between ______
late teens to early 30s
A better prognosis of schizophrenia is associated with an acute and _____ onset and _____ gender
late, female
the genetic concordance rate for schizophrenia for biological siblings is ______% and for monozygotic twins is _____%
10%, 48%
dopamine hypothesis
- the first biochemical theory of schizophrenia
- attributes schizophrenia to elevated dopamine levels or oversensitive dopamine receptors
Of the structural brain abnormalities linked to schizophrenia, _______ have been found in the largest proportion of patients
enlarged ventricles
Traditional antipsychotics
- include haloperidol and fluphenazine
- most effective for eliminating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia
- more likely to cause severe side effects like tardive dyskinesia
atypical (second generation) antipsychotics
- include clozapine and risperidone
- may be effective for both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia
- less likely to cause side effects like tardive dyskinesia
Family interventions for Schizophrenia are beneficial, especially when they target high levels of _____
expressed emotion (EE)
Expressed emotion may include
open criticism, hostility toward the patient or overprotectiveness and emotional overinvolvement
expressed emotion has been linked with _____ and _____
relapse; rehospitalization
Schizophreniform disorder: duration and differences from schizophrenia
one to six months; often involves impaired social of occupational functioning -but this is not required
Brief psychotic disorder: duration
one day to less than a month
Schizoaffective disorder
psychotic and mood symptoms occur concurrently with a period of at least two weeks without prominent mood symptoms
delusions
false beliefs that are firmly held despite what almost everyone else believes
persecutory delusions
the person thinks they are being followed, tricked, or spied on
referential delusions
the person believes that passages from books and newspapers or other messages are specifically directed at him/her
bizarre delusions
the person’s delusions are outside the range of ordinary life experience
hallucinations
perception-like experiences that occur without an external stimulus –may affect any sensory modality
disorganized thinking
loosening of associations that is manifested in incoherence, answers or comments that are unresponsive to questions, and “slipping off track” from one topic to another
grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behaviour
unpredictable agitation, markedly disheveled appearance, clearly inappropriate sexual behaviour, or catatonia
catatonia
decreased motor activity and reduced reactivity to environmental stimuli
what are the 7 subtypes of delusional disorder?
- erotomanic
- grandiose
- jealous
- persecutory
- somatic
- mixed
- unspecified
what is the concordance rate of a child with two parents with schizophrenia?
46%
anosognosia
schizophrenic individuals have poor insight into their disorder –contributes to treatment non-comliance
A 28-year old male client presents with hallucinations and bizarre delusions. His parents report that his symptoms were not preceded by an unusual or stressful event and that he has had these symptoms for about six weeks. Your tentative diagnosis is:
Schizophreniform Disorder
A 34-year-old woman is convinced that her boss is in love with her despite that fact that there is irrefutable evidence that her belief is false. The woman’s belief is an example of?
erotomanic delusion
For a diagnosis of Schizophrenia, the DSM-5 requires the presence of two or more active phase symptoms for at least one month with at least one symptom being:
hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized speech
For individuals with Schizophrenia, the poorest prognosis is associated with:
male gender, older age at onset, and predominant positive symptoms
