Clinical Psychology (Psychodynamic) Flashcards
what are the 4 psychodynamic psychotherapies?
- Psychoanalysis (Freud)
- Individual Psychology (Adler)
- Analytical psychotherapy (Jung)
- Object-relations Theory (Mahler)
reaction formation
a defense mechanism which involves avoiding an anxiety-arousing instinct by expressing its opposite
Psychoanalysis entails a combination of what 5 techniques
- confrontation
- clarification
- interpretation
- catharsis
- working through
Adler’s individual psychology adopts a _________ approach
teleological
teleological approach
regards behaviour as being largely motivated by a person’s future goals, rather than determined by past events
A Freudian psychoanalyst is most likely to describe ___________ as explicitly connecting current behavior to unconscious processes.
interpretation
As described by Jung, __________ are universal, generationally transmitted images that structure how people perceive their experiences.
Archetypes
For Carl Jung, transference involves:
projection of the personal and collective unconscious
Margaret Mahler traced adult psychopathology to problems related to what?
separation-individuation
personal unconscious
material that was once conscious, but is now repressed or forgotten
collective unconscious
contains memories that have been passed down from one generation to the next
What are the 4 archetypes
- the self
- the persona
- the shadow
- anima or animus
object-relations theorists consider _________ to be a basic inborn drive
object-seeking
According to object-relations theory, borderline personality disorder is due to inadequate resolution of ________ of objects into “good” and “bad” components
Splitting
The superego develops at about age ____
4 or 5
for an object-relations theorist - introjection refers to
assimilating aspects of an object into the self
(ex. a child’s internalized images of the mother or other object; the self interacting with the object, and the emotions involved with the object)
The ____ consists of a person’s instincts, which serve as the source of all psychic energy
id
The _____ mediates conflicts between the ____ and reality or the superego
ego; id
the _____ develops at about age ____ and represents an internalization of society’s values and standards
superego; 4 or 5
As defined by Freud, anxiety alerts the ____ to internal or external danger related to a conflict between the id and the superego or reality or to an actual threat in the external environment
ego
to ward of danger, the ego mat resort to one of its defense mechanisms, such as _____, which involves avoiding an anxiety-arousing instinct by expressing its opposite
reaction formation
Psychoanalysis entails a combination of confrontation, clarification, _____, and working through
interpretation
recent modification to the Freudian approach consider the therapist’s ______ to be an important source of information about a client as long as it is recognized and managed appropriately
countertransference
Adler emphasizes the role of ____ factors in personality development and adopted a _____ approach that views behaviour as being motivation largely by future goals
social; teleological
According to Adler, a person’s _______ reflects the ways he/she chooses to compensate for feelings of inferiority and to achieve superiority
style of life
According to Jung, unconscious processes are made up of the _____ unconscious, which contains material that was once conscious, but is now repressed or forgotten, and the ____ unconscious, which contains memories that have been passed down from generation to generation
personal; collective
The self, the persona, and the shadow are ____ that are a part of the collective unconscious and that have particular importance for personality development
archetypes
The object relations theorists consider _____ to be a basic inborn drive
object-seeking
In terms of development, Mahler’s theory emphasizes the ____ process, which begins at about four or five months of age, and she attributes many forms of psychopathology to problems during this phase
separation-individuation
According to Kernberg, Borderline Personality Disorder is due to inadequate resolution of _____ of objects and object relations into “good” and “bad” components
splitting
