Physiology (Emotion & Stress)

Question 1

According to _____ theory, emotions reflect perceptions of bodily reactions (“I’m scared because me knees are shaking”), while ____ theory proposes that emotion-provoking stimuli simultaneously produce a subjective emotional experience and bodily reactions

Answer 1

James-Lang; Cannon-Bard

Question 2

Lazarus’s cognitive appraisal theory proposes there are differences in how emotion-arousing events are interpreted or appraised and distinguishes between three types of appraisal: ____, ____, and ______

Answer 2

Primary, secondary and re-appraisal

Question 3

Primary appraisal refers to a person’s evaluation of a ______ as irrelevant, positive-benign, or stressful with regard to his or her own well-being

Answer 3

situation

Question 4

secondary appraisal refers to the person’s evaluation of the ______ he or she has to cope with a situation that has been identified as stressful

Answer 4

resources

Question 5

_______ occurs when the person monitors the situation and, as necessary, modifies his or her primary and/or secondary appraisals

Answer 5

re-appraisal

Question 6

_____ circuit was proposed in 1937 as a neural circuit that mediates the experience and expression of emotion

Answer 6

Papez’s

Question 7

The _____ hemisphere governs positive emotions and damage to this area results in _______

Answer 7

left (dominant); catastrophic reactions

Question 8

The ______ hemisphere mediates negative emotions, and lesions produce _____, emotional lability, and/or undue cheerfulness

Answer 8

right; indifference and apathy

Question 9

Electrical stimulation of the amygdala can produce a _______ and/or rage response, while damage to the hypothalamus can result in rage or uncontrollable ______

Answer 9

fear; laughter

Question 10

Seley’s general adaptation syndrome describes the stress response as involving three stages: _____, _____, and ______

Answer 10

alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion

Question 11

The stress response is mediated primarily by the adrenal and ______ glands

Answer 11

pituitary

Question 12

Prolonged stress increases the chance for illness by suppressing the immune system as a result of chronically elevated levels of _____ and other stress hormones

Answer 12

cortisol

Question 13

Research on Type A behaviour pattern has found that ____ is most strongly related to coronary heart disease

Answer 13

cynical or antagonistic hostility

Question 14

A change in facial expression can actually produce a change in affect. This is predicted by which theory?

Answer 14

James-Lange

Question 15

Lazarus’s (1991) cognitive appraisal theory describes ____________ as involving an evaluation of a situation as irrelevant, positive-benign, or stressful.

Answer 15

primary appraisal

Question 16

Lesions to the right (non-dominant) hemisphere would most likely produce:

Answer 16

indifference or euphoria.

Question 17

Selye’s “general adaptation syndrome” (GAS) involves which of the following phases?

Answer 17

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 18

The ________ plays a key role in the attachment of emotions to memory.

Answer 18

amygdala