Recurrent_Miscarriage_Flashcards
What is the definition of recurrent miscarriage?
Recurrent miscarriage is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.
How common is recurrent miscarriage among women?
Recurrent miscarriage occurs in around 1% of women.
What are some causes of recurrent miscarriage?
Causes of recurrent miscarriage include antiphospholipid syndrome, endocrine disorders (poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorders, polycystic ovarian syndrome), uterine abnormalities (e.g., uterine septum), parental chromosomal abnormalities, and smoking.
What is antiphospholipid syndrome and how is it related to recurrent miscarriage?
Antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder that increases the risk of blood clots, and it is associated with recurrent miscarriage.
How do endocrine disorders contribute to recurrent miscarriage?
Endocrine disorders such as poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders, as well as polycystic ovarian syndrome, can disrupt normal hormonal balance and contribute to recurrent miscarriage.
What types of uterine abnormalities are associated with recurrent miscarriage?
Uterine abnormalities such as a uterine septum can interfere with implantation and maintenance of pregnancy, leading to recurrent miscarriage.
How can parental chromosomal abnormalities lead to recurrent miscarriage?
Parental chromosomal abnormalities can result in genetic imbalances that cause recurrent miscarriage.
How does smoking affect the risk of recurrent miscarriage?
Smoking negatively affects fertility and increases the risk of recurrent miscarriage by impairing blood flow and increasing the risk of blood clots.
Which one of the following is the most common cause of recurrent first trimester spontaneous miscarriage?
Factor V Leiden gene mutation
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Hyperprolactinaemia
Antithrombin III deficiency
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are present in 15% of women with recurrent miscarriage, but in comparison, the prevalence of aPL in women with a low risk obstetric history is less than 2%
