flashcards_contraception
What key aspects of history should be considered when discussing contraception?
Needs and personal circumstances, risk factors, menstrual problems, allergies, exclude pregnancy.
How can contraception methods be divided?
Long-acting (IUS/IUD, injection, implant) and short-acting (pills, patches, rings).
What are the long-acting reversible contraception options?
Copper Coil, Mirena (LNG-IUS), Implant (Nexplanon), Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, Noristerat).
What is the mechanism of the Copper Coil (Cu-IUD)?
Causes sterile inflammation, spermicide, prevents fertilisation and implantation.
What are the side effects of the Copper Coil (Cu-IUD)?
Heavy, painful periods; risk of expulsion, infection, perforation, ectopic pregnancy.
What hormone does the Mirena (LNG-IUS) release and for how long?
Levonorgestrel, 3-5 years.
What is the mechanism of the Mirena (LNG-IUS)?
Thins the lining of the womb, prevents implantation.
What are the side effects of the Mirena (LNG-IUS)?
Acne, breast tenderness, mood disturbance, headaches, infection, ectopic pregnancy, perforation, expulsion.
What is the Jaydess and how long does it last?
Smaller form of LNG-IUS, lasts 3 years.
What hormone does the Implant (Nexplanon) release and for how long?
Etonogestrel, 3 years.
What is the mechanism of the Implant (Nexplanon)?
Prevents ovulation, thickens mucus, thins endometrium.
What are the side effects of the Implant (Nexplanon)?
Irregular bleeding, mood changes, breast tenderness, nausea.
What hormone does the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat) release?
Medroxyprogesterone acetate.
What is the mechanism of the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat)?
Prevents ovulation, thickens mucus, thins endometrium.
What are the side effects of the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat)?
Irregular bleeding, weight gain, mood swings, headaches.
What are the absolute contraindications for short-acting contraception?
Less than 6 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding, smoker over 35, hypertension, coagulopathies, diabetes with complications, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, severe liver disease, current breast cancer, SLE with positive antiphospholipid antibodies.
What hormone does the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP) contain?
Ethinyl oestradiol and progesterone.
What is the mechanism of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?
Prevents ovulation.
What are the benefits of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?
Very effective if taken properly, reversible upon stopping, makes periods regular, lighter, and less painful, reduces risk of ovarian, endometrial, and bowel cancer.
What are the side effects of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?
Headache, nausea, breast tenderness, increased risk of VTE, breast cancer, cervical cancer, stroke, ischemic heart disease.
What should be done if a pill is missed while taking the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?
Take missed pill ASAP, consider emergency contraception if necessary, use alternate contraception until 7 continuous days of COCP.
What hormone does the Progesterone Only Pill (POP) contain?
Desogestrel, levonorgestrel, or norethistrone.
What is the mechanism of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?
Thickens cervical mucus.
What are the benefits of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?
Doesn’t have the risks of oestrogen pills.
What are the side effects of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?
Irregular bleeding, ovarian cysts.
What hormone does the Combined Hormonal Transdermal Patch contain?
Norelgestromin and ethinyl oestradiol.
How is the Combined Hormonal Transdermal Patch used?
Applied for 3 weeks with 1 week off (withdrawal bleed).
What hormone does the Combined Hormonal Ring contain?
Etonogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol.
How is the Combined Hormonal Ring used?
Flexible ring inserted into the vagina, worn for 21 days with a 7-day hormone-free period.
