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IMPERIAL YEAR 5 SPECIALTIES - O&G > flashcards_contraception > Flashcards

flashcards_contraception

1
Q

What key aspects of history should be considered when discussing contraception?

A

Needs and personal circumstances, risk factors, menstrual problems, allergies, exclude pregnancy.

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2
Q

How can contraception methods be divided?

A

Long-acting (IUS/IUD, injection, implant) and short-acting (pills, patches, rings).

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3
Q

What are the long-acting reversible contraception options?

A

Copper Coil, Mirena (LNG-IUS), Implant (Nexplanon), Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, Noristerat).

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of the Copper Coil (Cu-IUD)?

A

Causes sterile inflammation, spermicide, prevents fertilisation and implantation.

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5
Q

What are the side effects of the Copper Coil (Cu-IUD)?

A

Heavy, painful periods; risk of expulsion, infection, perforation, ectopic pregnancy.

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6
Q

What hormone does the Mirena (LNG-IUS) release and for how long?

A

Levonorgestrel, 3-5 years.

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of the Mirena (LNG-IUS)?

A

Thins the lining of the womb, prevents implantation.

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8
Q

What are the side effects of the Mirena (LNG-IUS)?

A

Acne, breast tenderness, mood disturbance, headaches, infection, ectopic pregnancy, perforation, expulsion.

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9
Q

What is the Jaydess and how long does it last?

A

Smaller form of LNG-IUS, lasts 3 years.

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10
Q

What hormone does the Implant (Nexplanon) release and for how long?

A

Etonogestrel, 3 years.

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of the Implant (Nexplanon)?

A

Prevents ovulation, thickens mucus, thins endometrium.

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12
Q

What are the side effects of the Implant (Nexplanon)?

A

Irregular bleeding, mood changes, breast tenderness, nausea.

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13
Q

What hormone does the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat) release?

A

Medroxyprogesterone acetate.

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat)?

A

Prevents ovulation, thickens mucus, thins endometrium.

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15
Q

What are the side effects of the Injection (Depo-Provera, Sayana Press, or Noristerat)?

A

Irregular bleeding, weight gain, mood swings, headaches.

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16
Q

What are the absolute contraindications for short-acting contraception?

A

Less than 6 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding, smoker over 35, hypertension, coagulopathies, diabetes with complications, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, severe liver disease, current breast cancer, SLE with positive antiphospholipid antibodies.

17
Q

What hormone does the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP) contain?

A

Ethinyl oestradiol and progesterone.

18
Q

What is the mechanism of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?

A

Prevents ovulation.

19
Q

What are the benefits of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?

A

Very effective if taken properly, reversible upon stopping, makes periods regular, lighter, and less painful, reduces risk of ovarian, endometrial, and bowel cancer.

20
Q

What are the side effects of the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?

A

Headache, nausea, breast tenderness, increased risk of VTE, breast cancer, cervical cancer, stroke, ischemic heart disease.

21
Q

What should be done if a pill is missed while taking the Combined Oral Contraceptive Pill (COCP)?

A

Take missed pill ASAP, consider emergency contraception if necessary, use alternate contraception until 7 continuous days of COCP.

22
Q

What hormone does the Progesterone Only Pill (POP) contain?

A

Desogestrel, levonorgestrel, or norethistrone.

23
Q

What is the mechanism of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?

A

Thickens cervical mucus.

24
Q

What are the benefits of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?

A

Doesn’t have the risks of oestrogen pills.

25
Q

What are the side effects of the Progesterone Only Pill (POP)?

A

Irregular bleeding, ovarian cysts.

26
Q

What hormone does the Combined Hormonal Transdermal Patch contain?

A

Norelgestromin and ethinyl oestradiol.

27
Q

How is the Combined Hormonal Transdermal Patch used?

A

Applied for 3 weeks with 1 week off (withdrawal bleed).

28
Q

What hormone does the Combined Hormonal Ring contain?

A

Etonogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol.

29
Q

How is the Combined Hormonal Ring used?

A

Flexible ring inserted into the vagina, worn for 21 days with a 7-day hormone-free period.

IMPERIAL YEAR 5 SPECIALTIES - O&G (234 decks)

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